Give the IUPAC name of the following compounds.

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Here are the solutions to the questions: e) Give the IUPAC name of the following compounds. i) Step 1: Identify the longest carbon chain containing the double bond. This chain has 6 carbons (hexene). Step 2: Number the chain to give the double bond the lowest possible number. Numbering from the right gives the double bond at C2. Step 3: Identify substituents: a methyl group at C3 and a bromo group at C5. Step 4: Determine the stereochemistry (E/Z) around the double bond. At C2, the higher priority group is ethyl (−CH₂CH₃). At C3, the higher priority group is the chain containing the bromine (−CH₂CH(Br)CH₃). Since these two higher priority groups are on the same side of the double bond (as drawn), it is the (Z) isomer. Name: (Z)−5-bromo-3-methylhex-2-ene ii) Step 1: Identify the parent compound as phenol (benzene ring with an -OH group). The carbon bearing the -OH group is C1. Step 2: Number the ring to give the remaining substituents the lowest possible locants. Numbering clockwise gives chloro at C2 and nitro at C4. Step 3: List substituents alphabetically before the parent name. Name: 2-chloro-4-nitrophenol iii) Step 1: Identify the parent compound as cyclohexane. Step 2: Identify the substituents: an isopropyl group (−CH(CH₃)₂) and a methyl group (−CH₃). Step 3: Number the ring to give the substituents the lowest possible locants. This results in 1,3-disubstitution. Step 4: Assign priority alphabetically for naming: isopropyl comes before methyl. So, isopropyl is at C1 and methyl is at C3. Step 5: Determine cis/trans isomerism. From the drawing, both groups appear to be on the same side of the ring. Name: cis-1-isopropyl-3-methylcyclohexane f) Draw the structural isomers of hexane. Give the IUPAC names of these isomers. (5 marks) Hexane has the molecular formula C₆H₁₄. There are 5 structural isomers: 1. Hexane (n-hexane) CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₃ 2. 2-Methylpentane CH₃CH(CH₃)CH₂CH₂CH₃ 3. 3-Methylpentane CH₃CH₂CH(CH₃)CH₂CH₃ 4. 2,2-Dimethylbutane CH₃C(CH₃)₂CH₂CH₃ 5. 2,3-Dimethylbutane CH₃CH(CH₃)CH(CH₃)CH₃ g) Why is cyclobutane not an isomer of butane? (2 marks) Cyclobutane (C₄H₈) and butane (C₄H₁₀) are not isomers because they have different molecular formulas. Isomers must have the same molecular formula but different structural arrangements. h) Name any two allotropes of carbon. (2 marks) Diamond Graphite (Other examples include Fullerenes, Graphene, Carbon nanotubes) i) What is needed in order for chlorine to react with ethane in a substitution reaction? (1 mark) Ultraviolet (UV) light or heat is needed to initiate the free radical substitution reaction. j) Do alkynes show cis-trans isomerism? Explain (2 marks) No, alkynes do not show cis-trans isomerism. This is because the carbon atoms involved in a triple bond and the two atoms directly attached to them are linear (180° bond angle). Each carbon of the triple bond can only be attached to one other group, making it impossible to have two different groups on each carbon to establish cis or trans configurations. k) If C₁₂H₂₄ reacts with HBr in an addition reaction, what is the molecular formula of the product? (1 mark) An addition reaction involves the breaking of a double bond (in this case, implied for C₁₂H₂₄ as an alkene) and the addition of atoms across it. When HBr adds to $

Give the IUPAC name of the following compounds.

Step-by-step solution

Part e· 12 steps

Identify the longest carbon chain containing the double bond.

Number the chain to give the double bond the lowest possible number.

Identify substituents

Determine the stereochemistry (E/Z) around the double bond.

Identify the parent compound as phenol (benzene ring with an -OH group).

Number the ring to give the remaining substituents the lowest possible locants.

List substituents alphabetically before the parent name.

Identify the parent compound as cyclohexane.

Identify the substituents

Number the ring to give the substituents the lowest possible locants.

Assign priority alphabetically for naming

Determine cis/trans isomerism.

Part f

Part g

Part h(i)

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