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Calculate the moles of urea formed from 340 kg of ammonia and excess carbon dioxide.

Chemistry

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Answer

10000 mol\text{10000 mol}

Step-by-step solution

4 steps
  1. Calculate the molar mass of ammonia (NH3\text{NH}_3).

    Molar mass of NH3=Atomic mass of N+(3×Atomic mass of H)\text{Molar mass of NH}_3 = \text{Atomic mass of N} + (3 \times \text{Atomic mass of H}) Molar mass of NH3=14.0 g/mol+(3×1.0 g/mol)\text{Molar mass of NH}_3 = 14.0 \text{ g/mol} + (3 \times 1.0 \text{ g/mol}) Molar mass of NH3=14.0 g/mol+3.0 g/mol=17.0 g/mol\text{Molar mass of NH}_3 = 14.0 \text{ g/mol} + 3.0 \text{ g/mol} = 17.0 \text{ g/mol}
  2. Convert the mass of ammonia from kilograms to grams.

    Mass of NH3=340 kg=340×1000 g=340000 g\text{Mass of NH}_3 = 340 \text{ kg} = 340 \times 1000 \text{ g} = 340000 \text{ g}
  3. Calculate the moles of ammonia (NH3\text{NH}_3).

    Moles of NH3=Mass of NH3Molar mass of NH3\text{Moles of NH}_3 = \frac{\text{Mass of NH}_3}{\text{Molar mass of NH}_3} Moles of NH3=340000 g17.0 g/mol\text{Moles of NH}_3 = \frac{340000 \text{ g}}{17.0 \text{ g/mol}} Moles of NH3=20000 mol\text{Moles of NH}_3 = 20000 \text{ mol}
  4. Use the stoichiometry of the balanced equation to find the moles of urea formed.

    The balanced chemical equation is:

    2NH3(g)+CO2(g)→(NH2)2CO(aq)+H2O(l)2\text{NH}_3\text{(g)} + \text{CO}_2\text{(g)} \rightarrow \text{(NH}_2)_2\text{CO(aq)} + \text{H}_2\text{O(l)}

    From the equation, 2 moles of NH3\text{NH}_3 produce 1 mole of urea ((NH2)2CO\text{(NH}_2)_2\text{CO}).
    Since CO2\text{CO}_2 is in excess, NH3\text{NH}_3 is the limiting reactant.

    Moles of urea=Moles of NH3×1 mol urea2 mol NH3\text{Moles of urea} = \text{Moles of NH}_3 \times \frac{1 \text{ mol urea}}{2 \text{ mol NH}_3} Moles of urea=20000 mol×12\text{Moles of urea} = 20000 \text{ mol} \times \frac{1}{2} Moles of urea=10000 mol\text{Moles of urea} = 10000 \text{ mol}

    The moles of urea that were formed are 10000 mol\text{10000 mol}.

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