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Name the following compounds: CH3CH(CH3)CH(OH)CH3 (ii) CH3CH(CH3)(OH)CH3 (iii) CH2(Br)CH2CH(OH)CH3 2-methylpropan-1-ol 2, 3-dichlorobutan-1-ol 2, 3-dimethyl pentan-2-ol Butan-2-ol

Chemistry

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3 parts
i

3-methylbutan-2-ol\text{3-methylbutan-2-ol}

ii

2-methylpropan-2-ol\text{2-methylpropan-2-ol}

iii

4-bromobutan-2-ol\text{4-bromobutan-2-ol}

Step-by-step solution

12 steps

Haya hapa majina ya misombo uliyotoa:

Part i· 4 steps

CH3CH(CH3)CH(OH)CH3\text{CH}_3\text{CH}(\text{CH}_3)\text{CH}(\text{OH})\text{CH}_3

  1. Tambua mnyororo mrefu zaidi wa kaboni.

    Mnyororo mrefu zaidi wa kaboni una kaboni 4, hivyo ni derivative ya butani.

  2. Tambua vikundi vya kazi na viambajengo.

    Kikundi cha kazi ni kikundi cha hidroksili (-OH\text{-OH}), na kiambajengo ni kikundi cha metili (-CH3\text{-CH}_3).

  3. Namba mnyororo wa kaboni ili kikundi cha -OH\text{-OH} kipate namba ndogo zaidi.

    Ukianza kuhesabu kutoka kulia, kikundi cha -OH\text{-OH} kipo kwenye kaboni ya 2 na kikundi cha metili kipo kwenye kaboni ya 3.
    CH3−CH(OH)−CH(CH3)−CH3\text{CH}_3-\text{CH}(\text{OH})-\text{CH}(\text{CH}_3)-\text{CH}_3

  4. Taja kiwanja.

    Jina la kiwanja ni 3-methylbutan-2-ol.

    3-methylbutan-2-ol\boxed{\text{3-methylbutan-2-ol}}

Part ii

2-methylpropan-2-ol\text{2-methylpropan-2-ol}

CH3C(CH3)(OH)CH3\text{CH}_3\text{C}(\text{CH}_3)(\text{OH})\text{CH}_3

  1. Tambua mnyororo mrefu zaidi wa kaboni.

    Mnyororo mrefu zaidi wa kaboni una kaboni 3, hivyo ni derivative ya propani.

  2. Tambua vikundi vya kazi na viambajengo.

    Kikundi cha kazi ni kikundi cha hidroksili (-OH\text{-OH}), na kiambajengo ni kikundi cha metili (-CH3\text{-CH}_3).

  3. Namba mnyororo wa kaboni.

    Kikundi cha -OH\text{-OH} na kikundi cha metili vyote vipo kwenye kaboni ya 2 (kaboni ya kati).

  4. Taja kiwanja.

    Jina la kiwanja ni 2-methylpropan-2-ol.

    2-methylpropan-2-ol\boxed{\text{2-methylpropan-2-ol}}

Part iii

4-bromobutan-2-ol\text{4-bromobutan-2-ol}

CH2(Br)CH2CH(OH)CH3\text{CH}_2(\text{Br})\text{CH}_2\text{CH}(\text{OH})\text{CH}_3

  1. Tambua mnyororo mrefu zaidi wa kaboni.

    Mnyororo mrefu zaidi wa kaboni una kaboni 4, hivyo ni derivative ya butani.

  2. Tambua vikundi vya kazi na viambajengo.

    Kikundi cha kazi ni kikundi cha hidroksili (-OH\text{-OH}), na kiambajengo ni kikundi cha bromo (-Br\text{-Br}).

  3. Namba mnyororo wa kaboni ili kikundi cha -OH\text{-OH} kipate namba ndogo zaidi.

    Ukianza kuhesabu kutoka kulia, kikundi cha -OH\text{-OH} kipo kwenye kaboni ya 2 na kikundi cha bromo kipo kwenye kaboni ya 4.
    CH3−CH(OH)−CH2−CH2(Br)\text{CH}_3-\text{CH}(\text{OH})-\text{CH}_2-\text{CH}_2(\text{Br})

  4. Taja kiwanja.

    Jina la kiwanja ni 4-bromobutan-2-ol.

    4-bromobutan-2-ol\boxed{\text{4-bromobutan-2-ol}}
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