This chemistry question involves key chemical concepts and calculations. The detailed solution below walks through each step, from identifying the reaction type to computing the final answer.
ScanSolve AI Answer
a) i) The process by which salt moved into the water in the beaker from the vetching tubing is diffusion. ii) Diffusion is the net movement of particles from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration. The salt ions (from sodium chloride) inside the vetching tubing were in a higher concentration than in the surrounding water in the beaker. The partially permeable membrane of the vetching tubing allowed these small salt ions to pass through, moving down their concentration gradient into the beaker water. b) i) The food substance responsible for the brown colour observed after 1 hour when solutions are heated with Benedict's solution is reducing sugar. ii) The vetching tubing contains sucrose, which is a non-reducing sugar. However, the experiment was maintained at 35-40°C, and some hydrolysis of sucrose into glucose and fructose (reducing sugars) might have occurred within the tubing. The reducing sugar molecules (glucose and fructose) are too large to pass through the partially permeable membrane of the vetching tubing and therefore cannot diffuse into the beaker water. This is why no reducing sugars are detected in the beaker. c) i) The food substance found with sodium hydroxide followed by copper sulphate solutions (Biuret test) is protein. ii) Protein molecules are too large to pass through the partially permeable membrane of the vetching tubing. Therefore, they remain inside the tubing and do not diffuse into the beaker water, resulting in no protein being detected in the beaker. Last free one today — make it count tomorrow, or type /upgrade for unlimited.