This chemistry question involves key chemical concepts and calculations. The detailed solution below walks through each step, from identifying the reaction type to computing the final answer.
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Here's how to determine the IUPAC name for the given structure (vanillin): Step 1: Identify the parent compound. The molecule contains a benzene ring with an aldehyde group (-CHO) directly attached. This makes the parent compound benzaldehyde. The carbon atom of the benzene ring attached to the aldehyde group is designated as carbon 1. Step 2: Identify and number the substituents. There are two other substituents on the benzene ring: A hydroxyl group (-OH) A methoxy group (-OCH_3) We number the benzene ring to give the lowest possible locants to the substituents, starting from the aldehyde carbon as 1. If we number clockwise from C1: C2, C3 (methoxy), C4 (hydroxyl). This gives positions 3 and 4. If we number counter-clockwise from C1: C2, C3, C4 (hydroxyl), C5 (methoxy). This gives positions 4 and 5. The lowest set of locants is 3 and 4. So, the hydroxyl group is at position 4, and the methoxy group is at position 3. Step 3: Assemble the name in alphabetical order. The substituents are hydroxy (for -OH) and methoxy (for -OCH_3). Alphabetically, hydroxy comes before methoxy. Combining these, the IUPAC name is: 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde Got more? Send 'em! 📸