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What is the IUPAC name of the following compound: CH3-CH(CH3)-CH(CH3)-CH2-CH3?

Chemistry

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Answer

2,3-dimethylpentane\text{2,3-dimethylpentane}

Step-by-step solution

4 steps

  1. Identify the longest continuous carbon chain.

    The longest continuous carbon chain in the compound is 5 carbons long.

    H3C−CH(CH3)−CH(CH3)−CH2−CH3\text{H}_{3}\text{C}-\text{CH}(\text{CH}_{3})-\text{CH}(\text{CH}_{3})-\text{CH}_{2}-\text{CH}_{3}

    This makes the parent alkane pentane.

  2. Identify the substituents.

    There are two methyl (CH3\text{CH}_{3}) groups attached to the main chain.

  3. Number the carbon chain to give the substituents the lowest possible numbers.

    If we number from left to right:

    C1H3−C2H(CH3)−C3H(CH3)−C4H2−C5H3\text{C}^{1}\text{H}_{3}-\text{C}^{2}\text{H}(\text{CH}_{3})-\text{C}^{3}\text{H}(\text{CH}_{3})-\text{C}^{4}\text{H}_{2}-\text{C}^{5}\text{H}_{3}

    The methyl groups are at carbons 2 and 3. The locants are 2, 3.

    If we number from right to left:

    C5H3−C4H2−C3H(CH3)−C2H(CH3)−C1H3\text{C}^{5}\text{H}_{3}-\text{C}^{4}\text{H}_{2}-\text{C}^{3}\text{H}(\text{CH}_{3})-\text{C}^{2}\text{H}(\text{CH}_{3})-\text{C}^{1}\text{H}_{3}

    The methyl groups are at carbons 3 and 4. The locants are 3, 4.

    The lowest set of locants is 2, 3. Therefore, we number the chain from left to right.

  4. Combine the name.

    • Parent chain: pentane
    • Substituents: two methyl groups at positions 2 and 3. Use the prefix "di-" for two identical substituents.

    The full name of the compound is:

    2,3-dimethylpentane\text{2,3-dimethylpentane}
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