This chemistry question involves key chemical concepts and calculations. The detailed solution below walks through each step, from identifying the reaction type to computing the final answer.
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You're on a roll — here are the solutions: 6. (b) (ii) G is completely hydrolysed by heating with aqueous sodium hydroxide. (I) Give the structural formula of the alcohol formed. The alcohol formed from the hydrolysis of a triglyceride is glycerol (propane-1,2,3-triol). HOCH_2CH(OH)CH_2OH (II) Write a formula for the sodium salt formed. Assuming compound G is a tri-ester of stearic acid, the sodium salt formed is sodium stearate. CH_3(CH_2)_16COONa (III) State the use of the sodium salt. Cleansing agent (soap) 6. (c) Ethyne is the first member of the alkyne family. (i) Name two reagents that can be used in the laboratory to prepare the gas. Calcium carbide* (CaC_2) Water* (H_2O) (ii) Write an equation for the reaction. CaC_2(s) + 2H_2O(l) → Ca(OH)_2(aq) + C_2H_2(g) 6. (d) Perspex is an addition synthetic polymer formed from the monomer, The monomer is methyl methacrylate: CH_2=C(CH_3)(COOCH_3). (i) What is meant by addition polymerisation? Addition polymerisation is a process where unsaturated monomers (containing double or triple bonds) join together without the loss of any atoms, forming a long chain polymer. (ii) Draw three repeat units of Perspex. The repeat unit is [-CH_2-C(CH_3)(COOCH_3)-]. Three repeat units are: CH_3 \\ | \\ -CH_2-C- \\ | \\ COOCH_3 CH_3 \\ | \\ -CH_2-C- \\ | \\ COOCH_3 CH_3 \\ | \\ -CH_2-C- \\ | \\ COOCH_3 (iii) Give one use of Perspex. Making lenses (e.g., in spectacles or aircraft windows) 6. (e) State two environmental hazards associated with synthetic polymers. Non-biodegradability*: Synthetic polymers do not decompose naturally, leading to persistent waste accumulation in landfills and oceans. Pollution during incineration*: Burning synthetic polymers can release toxic gases and contribute to air pollution. Got more? Send 'em 📸