We read your photo as:

What are the subatomic particles of an atom? Define key atomic terms and fill in a table about atomic structure.

Chemistry

ScanSolve AI Answer

Answer

6.3
11

Step-by-step solution

2 steps

Activity 10.1: Classwork/Homework

1. Name the particle(s) found in the atom which:

Part 1.1

Carry no electrical charge: **Neutron

Part 1.2

Has the smallest mass of all: **Electron

Part 1.3

Carry one positive electrical charge: **Proton

Part 1.4

Carry one negative electrical charge: **Electron

Part 1.5

Occur in the nucleus of the atom: **Proton and Neutron

2. Define the following terms:

Part 2.1

Nucleons:** The particles found in the nucleus of an atom, which are protons and neutrons.

Part 2.2

Mass number:** The total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom.

Part 2.3

Atomic number:** The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom, which determines the element's identity.

Part 2.4

Relative atomic mass:** The weighted average mass of the isotopes of an element, relative to 112\frac{1}{12} the mass of a carbon-12 atom.

3. Complete the table:

ElementAtomic numberNumber of protonsNumber of electronsNumber of neutronsMass number
612X^{12}_{6}\text{X} (Carbon)666612
816X^{16}_{8}\text{X} (Oxygen)888816
818X^{18}_{8}\text{X} (Oxygen)8881018
1631X^{31}_{16}\text{X} (Sulfur)1616161531
1632X^{32}_{16}\text{X} (Sulfur)1616161632

4. Use the table completed in QUESTION 3 to answer the following questions.

Part 4.1

The atomic number of an element is equal to the number of protons in a neutral atom of that element.

Part 4.2

*   **Similarity:** Both the $4^{\text{th}}$ ($^{31}_{16}\text{X}$) and $5^{\text{th}}$ ($^{32}_{16}\text{X}$) elements have the same atomic number (16) and thus the same number of protons (16) and electrons (16).
*   **Difference:** They have different mass numbers (31 vs 32) and different numbers of neutrons (15 vs 16).

Part 4.3

We call atoms of elements with the same atomic number but different mass numbers **isotopes

Part 4.4

*   First element ($^{12}_{6}\text{X}$): **Carbon**
*   Second element ($^{16}_{8}\text{X}$): **Oxygen**
*   Third element ($^{18}_{8}\text{X}$): **Oxygen**

5. Use the ZAX^{A}_{Z}\text{X} notation to represent each of the following atoms:

Part 5.1

Uranium-235: 92235U\boxed{^{235}_{92}\text{U}}

Part 5.2

Calcium-40: 2040Ca\boxed{^{40}_{20}\text{Ca}}

6. A certain element Q has an atomic number of 10. It occurs as the following three isotopes:
Q-20: 90,92%; Q-21: 0,26%; Q-22: 8,82%

Part 6.1

An isotope is an atom of the same element (same number of protons) but with a different number of neutrons, resulting in a different mass number.

Part 6.2

Element Q has an atomic number of 10, which corresponds to **Neon

Part 6.311

The LEAST abundant isotope is Q-21 (0,26%).

  1. Identify the mass number and atomic number.

    Mass number (A) = 21  
Atomic number (Z) = 10

  2. Calculate the number of neutrons.

    Number of neutrons = Mass number - Atomic number  
Number of neutrons = $21 - 10 = 11$  
The number of neutrons in the nucleus of the least abundant isotope (Q-21) is $\boxed{11}$.

Part 6.4

Aufbau diagram for element Q (Neon, atomic number 10)

$$
\text{Ne: } 1s^2 2s^2 2p^6
$$
The Aufbau diagram shows the electron configuration by filling orbitals in increasing order of energy.
```
1s: ↑↓
2s: ↑↓
2p: ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓
```

Part 6.5

The two rules applied when drawing the Aufbau diagram are

*   **Aufbau Principle:** Electrons fill atomic orbitals of the lowest available energy levels before occupying higher energy levels.
*   **Pauli Exclusion Principle:** An atomic orbital can hold a maximum of two electrons, and these two electrons must have opposite spins.
Was this helpful?

Try one yourself

A new problem that tests the same skill.

Still stuck on this one?

Ask a follow-up, and the answer starts from this question.

Got a different question?Ask your own question

More Chemistry Questions

QProvide definitions for atoms, elements, periodic table, and sub-atomic particles, and describe the…QExplain the structure of an atom, including its subatomic particles, their locations, and the…QComplete the following table about atomic structure, given the atomic number and number of neutrons…QExplain the properties of subatomic particles and their interactions.QWhat is a product label, an atom, electron arrangement, and what makes an element stable? Also label…
See all Chemistry questions →
Got a syllabus? Photograph it and I'll tell you what's due and what's worth the most.