This chemistry question involves key chemical concepts and calculations. The detailed solution below walks through each step, from identifying the reaction type to computing the final answer.
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Here are the solutions to the problems: Problem 1: What volume of oxygen is needed for the complete combustion of 5 g of magnesium to form magnesium oxide? Step 1: Write the balanced chemical equation for the combustion of magnesium. 2Mg (s) + O_2 (g) → 2MgO (s) Step 2: Calculate the moles of magnesium. Molar mass of Mg = 24.31 g/mol Moles of Mg = MassMolar mass = 5.0 g24.31 g/mol = 0.20567 mol Step 3: Determine the moles of oxygen needed using the stoichiometric ratio. From the balanced equation, 2 mol Mg reacts with 1 mol O_2. Moles of O_2 = (1)/(2) × Moles of Mg = (1)/(2) × 0.20567 mol = 0.102835 mol Step 4: Calculate the volume of oxygen at Standard Temperature and Pressure (STP). At STP, 1 mol of any gas occupies 22.4 dm^3. Volume of O_2 = Moles of O_2 × Molar volume at STP Volume of O_2 = 0.102835 mol × 22.4 dm^3/mol = 2.3035 dm^3 Rounding to two significant figures: Volume of O_2 = 2.3 dm^3 Problem 2: What volume of carbon dioxide is produced if Annlize uses 50 ml of 0,2 mol·dm⁻³ acetic acid? The given reaction is: NaHCO_3(s) + CH_3COOH (aq) → CH_3COONa (aq) + H_2O (l) + CO_2(g) Step 1: Convert the volume of acetic acid to dm^3. 50 ml = 50 × 10^-3 dm^3 = 0.050 dm^3 Step 2: Calculate the moles of acetic acid (CH_3COOH). Moles of CH_3COOH = Concentration × Volume Moles of CH_3COOH = 0.2 mol/dm^3 × 0.050 dm^3 = 0.010 mol Step 3: Determine the moles of carbon dioxide produced. From the balanced equation, 1 mol CH_3COOH produces 1 mol CO_2. Moles of CO_2 = Moles of CH_3COOH = 0.010 mol Step 4: Calculate the volume of carbon dioxide at Standard Temperature and Pressure (STP). At STP, 1 mol of any gas occupies 22.4 dm^3. Volume of CO_2 = Moles of CO_2 × Molar volume at STP Volume of CO_2 = 0.010 mol × 22.4 dm^3/mol = 0.224 dm^3 Rounding to two significant figures: Volume of CO_2 = 0.22 dm^3 That's 2 down. 3 left today — send the next one.