This chemistry question involves key chemical concepts and calculations. The detailed solution below walks through each step, from identifying the reaction type to computing the final answer.
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The given reaction is: 2X + 4Y → 3Z + Q The given data for reactant Y is: Initial time (t_1) = 0.00 s Final time (t_2) = 11.0 s Initial concentration of Y ([Y]_1) = 1.358 M Final concentration of Y ([Y]_2) = 0.407 M Step 1: Calculate the change in concentration of Y ([Y]) and the change in time ( t). [Y] = [Y]_2 - [Y]_1 = 0.407 M - 1.358 M = -0.951 M t = t_2 - t_1 = 11.0 s - 0.00 s = 11.0 s Step 2: Calculate the rate of disappearance of Y. The rate of disappearance of Y is given by -([Y])/( t). Rate of disappearance of Y = --0.951 M11.0 s = 0.951 M11.0 s Rate of disappearance of Y ≈ 0.08645 M/s a) The rate of disappearance of Y is 0.0865 M/s Step 3: Calculate the rate of disappearance of X. From the stoichiometry of the reaction (2X and 4Y), the relationship between their rates is: -(1)/(2)([X])/( t) = -(1)/(4)([Y])/( t) Rate of disappearance of X = -([X])/( t) = (2)/(4) (-([Y])/( t)) = (1)/(2) × (Rate of disappearance of Y) Rate of disappearance of X = (1)/(2) × 0.08645 M/s ≈ 0.043225 M/s b) The rate of disappearance of X is 0.0432 M/s Step 4: Calculate the rate of appearance of Z. From the stoichiometry of the reaction (4Y and 3Z), the relationship between their rates is: (1)/(3)([Z])/( t) = -(1)/(4)([Y])/( t) Rate of appearance of Z = ([Z])/( t) = (3)/(4) (-([Y])/( t)) = (3)/(4) × (Rate of disappearance of Y) Rate of appearance of Z = (3)/(4) × 0.08645 M/s ≈ 0.0648375 M/s c) The rate of appearance of Z is 0.0648 M/s Step 5: Calculate the rate of appearance of Q. From the stoichiometry of the reaction (4Y and 1Q), the relationship between their rates is: (1)/(1)([Q])/( t) = -(1)/(4)([Y])/( t) Rate of appearance of Q = ([Q])/( t) = (1)/(4) (-([Y])/( t)) = (1)/(4) × (Rate of disappearance of Y) Rate of appearance of Q = (1)/(4) × 0.08645 M/s ≈ 0.0216125 M/s d) The rate of appearance of Q is 0.0216 M/s Step 6: Calculate the overall rate of reaction. The overall rate of reaction is defined as: Overall Rate = -(1)/(2)([X])/( t) = -(1)/(4)([Y])/( t) = (1)/(3)([Z])/( t) = (1)/(1)([Q])/( t) Using the rate of disappearance of Y: Overall Rate = -(1)/(4)([Y])/( t) = (1)/(4) × (Rate of disappearance of Y) Overall Rate = (1)/(4) × 0.08645 M/s ≈ 0.0216125 M/s e) The overall rate of reaction is 0.0216 M/s Send me the next one 📸