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The demand function is given as $Q_d = 23 - \frac{3}{2}P$.
We will calculate $Q_d$ for the prices $P=20$, $P=22$, and $P=28$. Note that quantity demanded cannot be negative in a real-world scenario, so if a calculation yields a negative $Q_d$, we will consider it to be 0.

• For $P = 20$:

  $$Q_d = 23 - \frac{3}{2}(20) = 23 - 3 \times 10 = 23 - 30 = -7$$

  Since quantity demanded cannot be negative, $Q_d = \boxed{0}$.

• For $P = 22$:

  $$Q_d = 23 - \frac{3}{2}(22) = 23 - 3 \times 11 = 23 - 33 = -10$$

  Since quantity demanded cannot be negative, $Q_d = \boxed{0}$.

• For $P = 28$:

  $$Q_d = 23 - \frac{3}{2}(28) = 23 - 3 \times 14 = 23 - 42 = -19$$

  Since quantity demanded cannot be negative, $Q_d = \boxed{0}$.

To draw the demand curve, we typically plot Price (P) on the vertical axis and Quantity Demanded ($Q_d$) on the horizontal axis. We find the intercepts:

• $Q_d$-intercept (when $P=0$):

  $$Q_d = 23 - \frac{3}{2}(0) = 23$$

  This gives the point $(Q_d, P) = (23, 0)$.

• P-intercept (when $Q_d=0$):

  $$0 = 23 - \frac{3}{2}P$$ $$\frac{3}{2}P = 23$$ $$P = 23 \times \frac{2}{3} = \frac{46}{3} \approx 15.33$$

  This gives the point $(Q_d, P) = (0, 15.33)$.

The demand curve is a straight line connecting the points $(23, 0)$ and $(0, 15.33)$. For any price above $P \approx 15.33$, the quantity demanded is 0. The calculated points from Step 1 (for $P=20, 22, 28$) all result in $Q_d=0$, meaning they lie on the vertical axis (where $Q_d=0$) above the P-intercept.

A change in demand (a shift of the entire demand curve) is caused by factors other than the price of the good itself. These factors include:

• Consumer income: An increase in income generally increases demand for normal goods and decreases demand for inferior goods.
• Tastes and preferences: Changes in consumer preferences can increase or decrease demand.
• Price of related goods:
  • Substitutes: An increase in the price of a substitute good increases demand for the original good.
  • Complements: An increase in the price of a complementary good decreases demand for the original good.
• Consumer expectations: Expectations about future prices or income can influence current demand.
• Number of buyers: An increase in the number of consumers in the market will increase overall demand.