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Determine the equation of the graph and the coordinates of its turning point.

Mathematics

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b) (i) Equation of the graph

  1. Use the x-intercepts to form the factored equation.

    The graph meets the x-axis at x=−4x = -4 and x=2x = 2. These are the roots of the quadratic equation.
    The general factored form of a quadratic equation is y=a(x−x1)(x−x2)y = a(x - x_1)(x - x_2), where x1x_1 and x2x_2 are the roots.
    Substituting the given roots:

    y=a(x−(−4))(x−2)y = a(x - (-4))(x - 2) y=a(x+4)(x−2)y = a(x + 4)(x - 2)
  2. Find the value of 'a' using the y-intercept.

    From the graph, the parabola crosses the y-axis (where x=0x=0) at y=−8y = -8. This is the point (0,−8)(0, -8).
    Substitute this point into the equation from Step 1:

    −8=a(0+4)(0−2)-8 = a(0 + 4)(0 - 2) −8=a(4)(−2)-8 = a(4)(-2) −8=−8a-8 = -8a a=1a = 1
  3. Write the final equation by expanding.

    Substitute a=1a=1 back into the factored form and expand:

    y=1(x+4)(x−2)y = 1(x + 4)(x - 2) y=x2−2x+4x−8y = x^2 - 2x + 4x - 8 y=x2+2x−8y = x^2 + 2x - 8

    The equation of the graph is y=x2+2x−8\boxed{y = x^2 + 2x - 8}.

    b) (ii) Coordinates of the turning point

  4. Find the x-coordinate of the turning point.

    For a quadratic equation in the form y=ax2+bx+cy = ax^2 + bx + c, the x-coordinate of the turning point (vertex) is given by the formula x=−b2ax = \frac{-b}{2a}.
    From our equation y=x2+2x−8y = x^2 + 2x - 8, we have a=1a=1 and b=2b=2.

    x=−22(1)x = \frac{-2}{2(1)} x=−1x = -1
  5. Find the y-coordinate of the turning point.

    Substitute the x-coordinate (x=−1x = -1) back into the equation of the graph:

    y=(−1)2+2(−1)−8y = (-1)^2 + 2(-1) - 8 y=1−2−8y = 1 - 2 - 8 y=−1−8y = -1 - 8 y=−9y = -9

    The coordinates of the turning point are (−1,−9)\boxed{(-1, -9)}.

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