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Given the matrices M = eginpmatrix 3 & -2 \ -4 & 3 endpmatrix and N = eginpmatrix 5 & 4 \ -2 & 6 endpmatrix, find a 2 x 2 matrix, P, such that PM = N.

Mathematics

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Answer

(31221814)\begin{pmatrix} 31 & 22 \\ 18 & 14 \end{pmatrix}

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here's the solution to the matrix question.

4. Given the matrices M=(3−2−43)M = \begin{pmatrix} 3 & -2 \\ -4 & 3 \end{pmatrix} and N=(54−26)N = \begin{pmatrix} 5 & 4 \\ -2 & 6 \end{pmatrix}, find a 2×22 \times 2 matrix, PP, such that PM=NPM = N.

  1. Understand the matrix equation.

    We are given the equation PM=NPM = N. To find matrix PP, we need to multiply both sides of the equation by the inverse of MM, denoted as M−1M^{-1}, on the right side.

    PMM−1=NM−1PM M^{-1} = N M^{-1}

    Since MM−1=IM M^{-1} = I (the identity matrix) and PI=PPI = P, the equation simplifies to:

    P=NM−1P = N M^{-1}
  2. Calculate the determinant of matrix MM.

    For a 2×22 \times 2 matrix (abcd)\begin{pmatrix} a & b \\ c & d \end{pmatrix}, the determinant is ad−bcad - bc.
    For M=(3−2−43)M = \begin{pmatrix} 3 & -2 \\ -4 & 3 \end{pmatrix}:

    det⁡(M)=(3)(3)−(−2)(−4)=9−8=1\det(M) = (3)(3) - (-2)(-4) = 9 - 8 = 1
  3. Calculate the inverse of matrix MM.

    For a 2×22 \times 2 matrix (abcd)\begin{pmatrix} a & b \\ c & d \end{pmatrix}, the inverse is 1det⁡(M)(d−b−ca)\frac{1}{\det(M)} \begin{pmatrix} d & -b \\ -c & a \end{pmatrix}.

    M−1=11(3−(−2)−(−4)3)=(3243)M^{-1} = \frac{1}{1} \begin{pmatrix} 3 & -(-2) \\ -(-4) & 3 \end{pmatrix} = \begin{pmatrix} 3 & 2 \\ 4 & 3 \end{pmatrix}
  4. Calculate matrix PP by multiplying NN by M−1M^{-1}.

    P=NM−1=(54−26)(3243)P = N M^{-1} = \begin{pmatrix} 5 & 4 \\ -2 & 6 \end{pmatrix} \begin{pmatrix} 3 & 2 \\ 4 & 3 \end{pmatrix}

    Perform the matrix multiplication:

    P=((5)(3)+(4)(4)(5)(2)+(4)(3)(−2)(3)+(6)(4)(−2)(2)+(6)(3))P = \begin{pmatrix} (5)(3) + (4)(4) & (5)(2) + (4)(3) \\ (-2)(3) + (6)(4) & (-2)(2) + (6)(3) \end{pmatrix} P=(15+1610+12−6+24−4+18)P = \begin{pmatrix} 15 + 16 & 10 + 12 \\ -6 + 24 & -4 + 18 \end{pmatrix} P=(31221814)P = \begin{pmatrix} 31 & 22 \\ 18 & 14 \end{pmatrix}

    The matrix PP is (31221814)\boxed{\begin{pmatrix} 31 & 22 \\ 18 & 14 \end{pmatrix}}.

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