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Simplify the following expressions involving square roots: a) (2\[[2]5+3)([2]5+2) b) ([2]6+2)([2]3+[2]2) c) (4[2]3+[2]6)(4[2]3-[2]6)

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5 parts
a

16+7516 + 7\sqrt{5}

b

52+435\sqrt{2} + 4\sqrt{3}

c
42
d

34−62134 - 6\sqrt{21}

e

163\frac{16}{3}

Step-by-step solution

15 steps

Here are the solutions to the problems from Example 5:

Part a· 2 steps

(25+3)(5+2)(2\sqrt{5}+3)(\sqrt{5}+2)

  1. Expand the expression using the FOIL method.

    (25)(5)+(25)(2)+(3)(5)+(3)(2)(2\sqrt{5})(\sqrt{5}) + (2\sqrt{5})(2) + (3)(\sqrt{5}) + (3)(2) 2(5)+45+35+62(5) + 4\sqrt{5} + 3\sqrt{5} + 6
  2. Simplify and combine like terms.

    10+75+610 + 7\sqrt{5} + 6 16+7516 + 7\sqrt{5}

    The simplified expression is 16+75\boxed{16 + 7\sqrt{5}}.

Part b

52+435\sqrt{2} + 4\sqrt{3}

(6+2)(3+2)(\sqrt{6}+2)(\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2})

  1. Expand the expression using the FOIL method.

    (6)(3)+(6)(2)+(2)(3)+(2)(2)(\sqrt{6})(\sqrt{3}) + (\sqrt{6})(\sqrt{2}) + (2)(\sqrt{3}) + (2)(\sqrt{2}) 18+12+23+22\sqrt{18} + \sqrt{12} + 2\sqrt{3} + 2\sqrt{2}
  2. Simplify the surds 18\sqrt{18} and 12\sqrt{12}.

    18=9×2=32\sqrt{18} = \sqrt{9 \times 2} = 3\sqrt{2} 12=4×3=23\sqrt{12} = \sqrt{4 \times 3} = 2\sqrt{3}
  3. Substitute the simplified surds back into the expression and combine like terms.

    32+23+23+223\sqrt{2} + 2\sqrt{3} + 2\sqrt{3} + 2\sqrt{2} (32+22)+(23+23)(3\sqrt{2} + 2\sqrt{2}) + (2\sqrt{3} + 2\sqrt{3}) 52+435\sqrt{2} + 4\sqrt{3}

    The simplified expression is 52+43\boxed{5\sqrt{2} + 4\sqrt{3}}.

Part c42

(43+6)(43−6)(4\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{6})(4\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{6})

  1. This expression is in the form (a+b)(a−b)(a+b)(a-b), which simplifies to a2−b2a^2 - b^2.

    Here, a=43a = 4\sqrt{3} and b=6b = \sqrt{6}.

    (43)2−(6)2(4\sqrt{3})^2 - (\sqrt{6})^2
  2. Calculate the squares.

    (42×(3)2)−6(4^2 \times (\sqrt{3})^2) - 6 (16×3)−6(16 \times 3) - 6 48−648 - 6 4242

    The simplified expression is 42\boxed{42}.

Part d

34−62134 - 6\sqrt{21}

(33−7)2(3\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{7})^2

  1. Expand the expression using the formula (a−b)2=a2−2ab+b2(a-b)^2 = a^2 - 2ab + b^2.

    Here, a=33a = 3\sqrt{3} and b=7b = \sqrt{7}.

    (33)2−2(33)(7)+(7)2(3\sqrt{3})^2 - 2(3\sqrt{3})(\sqrt{7}) + (\sqrt{7})^2
  2. Calculate each term.

    (32×(3)2)−(2×3×3×7)+7(3^2 \times (\sqrt{3})^2) - (2 \times 3 \times \sqrt{3 \times 7}) + 7 (9×3)−621+7(9 \times 3) - 6\sqrt{21} + 7 27−621+727 - 6\sqrt{21} + 7
  3. Combine the constant terms.

    34−62134 - 6\sqrt{21}

    The simplified expression is 34−621\boxed{34 - 6\sqrt{21}}.

Part e

163\frac{16}{3}

(3+13)2\left(\sqrt{3}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\right)^2

  1. Rationalize the term 13\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}.

    13=13×33=33\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}} = \frac{1}{\sqrt{3}} \times \frac{\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{3}} = \frac{\sqrt{3}}{3}
  2. Substitute the rationalized term back into the expression.

    (3+33)2\left(\sqrt{3}+\frac{\sqrt{3}}{3}\right)^2
  3. Combine the terms inside the parenthesis.

    (333+33)2=(33+33)2=(433)2\left(\frac{3\sqrt{3}}{3}+\frac{\sqrt{3}}{3}\right)^2 = \left(\frac{3\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{3}}{3}\right)^2 = \left(\frac{4\sqrt{3}}{3}\right)^2
  4. Square the entire expression.

    (43)232=42×(3)29\frac{(4\sqrt{3})^2}{3^2} = \frac{4^2 \times (\sqrt{3})^2}{9} 16×39=489\frac{16 \times 3}{9} = \frac{48}{9}
  5. Simplify the fraction.

    489=163\frac{48}{9} = \frac{16}{3}

    The simplified expression is 163\boxed{\frac{16}{3}}.

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