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The graphs of f(x) = p^x + q and a straight line g are drawn below. A(3; 4) is a point of intersection of f and g. B (0;-3) and C are the y- and x-intercepts of f respectively. E and D are the x- and y-intercepts of g respectively.

Mathematics

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Step-by-step solution

4 steps
  1. Identify the horizontal asymptote from the graph.

    The function f(x)=px+qf(x) = p^x + q has a horizontal asymptote at y=qy=q. From the graph, the dashed line indicates the horizontal asymptote is y=−4y=-4.
    Therefore, q=−4q = -4.

  2. Use the yy-intercept of f(x)f(x) to verify qq and set up an equation for pp.

    The point B (0;−3)(0;-3) is the yy-intercept of f(x)f(x). Substitute x=0x=0 and f(x)=−3f(x)=-3 into the equation f(x)=px+qf(x) = p^x + q.

    −3=p0+q-3 = p^0 + q

    Since p0=1p^0 = 1 (for p≠0p \neq 0), and we found q=−4q=-4:

    −3=1+(−4)-3 = 1 + (-4) −3=1−4-3 = 1 - 4 −3=−3-3 = -3

    This confirms that q=−4q=-4 is consistent with the yy-intercept.

  3. Use point A (3;4)(3;4) to find the value of pp.

    The point A (3;4)(3;4) lies on the graph of f(x)f(x). Substitute x=3x=3, f(x)=4f(x)=4, and q=−4q=-4 into the equation f(x)=px+qf(x) = p^x + q.

    4=p3+(−4)4 = p^3 + (-4) 4=p3−44 = p^3 - 4
  4. Solve for pp.

    Add 4 to both sides of the equation:

    4+4=p34 + 4 = p^3 8=p38 = p^3

    Take the cube root of both sides:

    p=83p = \sqrt[3]{8} p=2p = 2

    The values are p=2p=2 and q=−4q=-4.
    p=2,q=−4\boxed{p=2, q=-4}

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