Here are the solutions to the questions from the image:
11. Use logarithms table to evaluate 6080.7214×20.17.
Step 1: Let N=6080.7214×20.17.
Step 2: Take the logarithm of both sides.
logN=log(0.7214)+log(20.17)−log(608)
Step 3: Find the logarithms of each number using a logarithm table.
- log(0.7214)=1ˉ.8582
- log(20.17)=1.3047
- log(608)=2.7839
Step 4: Perform the addition and subtraction.
logN=1ˉ.8582+1.3047−2.7839
logN=(−1+0.8582)+(1+0.3047)−(2+0.7839)
logN=0.8582+0.3047−2.7839
logN=1.1629−2.7839
logN=−1.6210
Step 5: Convert the negative logarithm to the standard form with a negative characteristic and positive mantissa.
logN=−2+0.3790=2ˉ.3790
Step 6: Find the antilogarithm of 2ˉ.3790.
Antilog(0.3790)≈2.393
N=2.393×10−2
N=0.02393
12. During an agricultural project, every learner was to make a seedbed from a square piece of land measuring 3m by 3m leaving a uniform path of x cm all round.
- Original side length of the square land = 3 m = 300 cm.
- Path width = x cm all around.
a) Express the length and the width of the seedbed in terms of x.
The path reduces the length and width from both sides. So, the total reduction is 2x.
- Length of seedbed = Original length - 2× path width
Length=(300−2x) cm
- Width of seedbed = Original width - 2× path width
Width=(300−2x) cm
b) Express the area of the seedbed in terms of x.
The seedbed is also square, with side length (300−2x) cm.
Area of seedbed = Length × Width
Area=(300−2x)×(300−2x)
\text{Area} = (300 - 2x)^2 \text{ cm^2}
13. Cherono's kitchen is in the shape of a square. Determine the area of the kitchen garden if each side measures (2y+11) using quadratic identities.
Step 1: The side length of the square kitchen garden is (2y+11).
Step 2: The area of a square is (side)2.
Area=(2y+11)2
Step 3: Use the quadratic identity (a+b)2=a2+2ab+b2. Here, a=2y and b=11.
Area=(2y)2+2(2y)(11)+(11)2
Area=4y2+44y+121
The area of the kitchen garden is 4y2+44y+121squareunits.
14. The sides of a rectangular field is 104 m and 297 m wide. Using the quadratic identity (a+b)(a−b)=a2−b2 to determine the area of the rectangular field.
Step 1: The sides of the rectangular field are 297 m and 104 m. The area is 297×104.
Step 2: To use the identity (a+b)(a−b)=a2−b2, we need to find a and b such that a+b=297 and a−b=104.
- Adding the two equations:
(a+b)+(a−b)=297+104
2a=401
a=2401=200.5
- Subtracting the second equation from the first:
(a+b)−(a−b)=297−104
2b=193
b=2193=96.5
Step 3: Substitute a and b into the identity.
Area=(200.5+96.5)(200.5−96.5)
Area=(200.5)2−(96.5)2
Step 4: Calculate the squares.
(200.5)2=40200.25
(96.5)2=9312.25
Step 5: Subtract the values to find the area.
Area=40200.25−9312.25
\text{Area} = 30888 \text{ m^2}
15. Solve: 5x+2=125x−1
Step 1: Express both sides of the equation with the same base. We know that 125=53.