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Find the value of the following limits: 5. lim (x->2) [1/(x(x-2)2) - 1/(x2-3x+2)]; 6. lim (x->1) [1/(1-x) - 3/(1-x3)]

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Here are the solutions to the limit problems.

  1. We need to find the value of: lim⁡x→2[1x(x−2)2−1x2−3x+2]\lim_{x \to 2} \left[ \frac{1}{x(x-2)^2} - \frac{1}{x^2-3x+2} \right]
  1. Factor the denominator of the second term.

    The quadratic $x^2-3x+2$ factors as $(x-1)(x-2)$.  
    The expression becomes:
    $$
    \lim_{x \to 2} \left[ \frac{1}{x(x-2)^2} - \frac{1}{(x-1)(x-2)} \right]
    $$
    
  2. Combine the fractions using a common denominator.

    The common denominator is $x(x-1)(x-2)^2$.
    $$
    = \lim_{x \to 2} \left[ \frac{(x-1)}{x(x-1)(x-2)^2} - \frac{x(x-2)}{x(x-1)(x-2)^2} \right]
    $$
    $$
    = \lim_{x \to 2} \frac{(x-1) - x(x-2)}{x(x-1)(x-2)^2}
    $$
    
  3. Simplify the numerator.

    $$
    = \lim_{x \to 2} \frac{x-1 - x^2 + 2x}{x(x-1)(x-2)^2}
    $$
    $$
    = \lim_{x \to 2} \frac{-x^2 + 3x - 1}{x(x-1)(x-2)^2}
    $$
    
  4. Evaluate the limit.

    Substitute $x=2$ into the numerator: $-(2)^2 + 3(2) - 1 = -4 + 6 - 1 = 1$.  
    Substitute $x=2$ into the denominator: $2(2-1)(2-2)^2 = 2(1)(0)^2 = 0$.  
    Since the numerator approaches 1 and the denominator approaches 0 from the positive side (because $(x-2)^2$ is always positive, and $x(x-1)$ is positive near $x=2$), the limit is $\frac{1}{0^+}$.  
    The value of the limit is $\boxed{\infty}$.
    

    6. We need to find the value of: lim⁡x→1(11−x−31−x3) \lim_{x \to 1} \left( \frac{1}{1-x} - \frac{3}{1-x^3} \right)

  5. Factor the denominator of the second term.

    The difference of cubes formula is $a^3-b^3 = (a-b)(a^2+ab+b^2)$. So, $1-x^3 = (1-x)(1+x+x^2)$.  
    The expression becomes:
    $$
    \lim_{x \to 1} \left( \frac{1}{1-x} - \frac{3}{(1-x)(1+x+x^2)} \right)
    $$
    
  6. Combine the fractions using a common denominator.

    The common denominator is $(1-x)(1+x+x^2)$.
    $$
    = \lim_{x \to 1} \frac{(1+x+x^2) - 3}{(1-x)(1+x+x^2)}
    $$
    
  7. Simplify the numerator.

    $$
    = \lim_{x \to 1} \frac{x^2 + x - 2}{(1-x)(1+x+x^2)}
    $$
    
  8. Factor the numerator and simplify.

    The numerator $x^2+x-2$ factors as $(x+2)(x-1)$.  
    Also, note that $(1-x) = -(x-1)$.
    $$
    = \lim_{x \to 1} \frac{(x+2)(x-1)}{-(x-1)(1+x+x^2)}
    $$
    Cancel out the common factor $(x-1)$ (since $x \ne 1$ as $x \to 1$):
    $$
    = \lim_{x \to 1} \frac{x+2}{-(1+x+x^2)}
    $$
    
  9. Evaluate the limit by substituting x=1x=1.

    $$
    = \frac{1+2}{-(1+1+1^2)} = \frac{3}{-(1+1+1)} = \frac{3}{-3} = -1
    $$
    The value of the limit is $\boxed{-1}$.
    

    7. We need to find the value of: lim⁡x→2x4−4x2+32x−8 \lim_{x \to \sqrt{2}} \frac{x^4 - 4}{x^2 + 3\sqrt{2}x - 8}

  10. Check for indeterminate form.

    Substitute $x=\sqrt{2}$ into the numerator: $(\sqrt{2})^4 - 4 = 4 - 4 = 0$.  
    Substitute $x=\sqrt{2}$ into the denominator: $(\sqrt{2})^2 + 3\sqrt{2}(\sqrt{2}) - 8 = 2 + 3(2) - 8 = 2 + 6 - 8 = 0$.  
    This is an indeterminate form $\frac{0}{0}$, so we need to factor.
    
  11. Factor the numerator.

    The numerator is a difference of squares: $x^4 - 4 = (x^2)^2 - 2^2 = (x^2 - 2)(x^2 + 2)$.  
    Further factor $x^2 - 2 = (x - \sqrt{2})(x + \sqrt{2})$.  
    So, $x^4 - 4 = (x - \sqrt{2})(x + \sqrt{2})(x^2 + 2)$.
    
  12. Factor the denominator.

    Since substituting $x=\sqrt{2}$ into the denominator yields 0, $(x-\sqrt{2})$ must be a factor.  
    We can find the other factor by polynomial division or by inspection:  
    $x^2 + 3\sqrt{2}x - 8 = (x - \sqrt{2})(x + 4\sqrt{2})$.
    
  13. Substitute the factored forms into the limit expression.

    $$
    = \lim_{x \to \sqrt{2}} \frac{(x - \sqrt{2})(x + \sqrt{2})(x^2 + 2)}{(x - \sqrt{2})(x + 4\sqrt{2})}
    $$
    
  14. Cancel the common factor and evaluate the limit.

    Cancel out $(x - \sqrt{2})$ (since $x \ne \sqrt{2}$ as $x \to \sqrt{2}$):
    $$
    = \lim_{x \to \sqrt{2}} \frac{(x + \sqrt{2})(x^2 + 2)}{x + 4\sqrt{2}}
    $$
    Now substitute $x=\sqrt{2}$:
    $$
    = \frac{(\sqrt{2} + \sqrt{2})((\sqrt{2})^2 + 2)}{\sqrt{2} + 4\sqrt{2}}
    $$
    $$
    = \frac{(2\sqrt{2})(2 + 2)}{5\sqrt{2}}
    $$
    $$
    = \frac{(2\sqrt{2})(4)}{5\sqrt{2}}
    $$
    $$
    = \frac{8\sqrt{2}}{5\sqrt{2}} = \frac{8}{5}
    $$
    The value of the limit is $\boxed{\frac{8}{5}}$.
    
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