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A brass plate of thickness 2 cm is in contact with a glass sheet. The exposed surface of the brass is at 80C and that of the glass is at 20C. If the thermal conductivity of brass is 105 W/Km and that

Physics

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Answer

D. 0.46mm\text{D. 0.46mm}

Step-by-step solution

5 steps

To find the thickness of the glass, we use the principle of steady-state heat conduction, where the rate of heat transfer through the brass plate is equal to the rate of heat transfer through the glass sheet. The formula for the rate of heat transfer (QQ) is given by:

Q=KAΔTLQ = \frac{K A \Delta T}{L}

where KK is the thermal conductivity, AA is the cross-sectional area, ΔT\Delta T is the temperature difference, and LL is the thickness.

Given:
For brass:

  • Lbrass=2 cm=0.02 mL_{brass} = 2 \text{ cm} = 0.02 \text{ m}
  • Kbrass=105 W/KmK_{brass} = 105 \text{ W/Km}
  • Tbrass_exposed=80∘CT_{brass\_exposed} = 80^\circ\text{C}
  • Tinterface=65∘CT_{interface} = 65^\circ\text{C}

For glass:

  • Kglass=0.8 W/KmK_{glass} = 0.8 \text{ W/Km}
  • Tglass_exposed=20∘CT_{glass\_exposed} = 20^\circ\text{C}
  • Tinterface=65∘CT_{interface} = 65^\circ\text{C}

Both have the same area, AA.

  1. Calculate the temperature differences for each material.

    For brass:

    ΔTbrass=Tbrass_exposed−Tinterface=80∘C−65∘C=15∘C\Delta T_{brass} = T_{brass\_exposed} - T_{interface} = 80^\circ\text{C} - 65^\circ\text{C} = 15^\circ\text{C}

    For glass:

    ΔTglass=Tinterface−Tglass_exposed=65∘C−20∘C=45∘C\Delta T_{glass} = T_{interface} - T_{glass\_exposed} = 65^\circ\text{C} - 20^\circ\text{C} = 45^\circ\text{C}
  2. Equate the heat transfer rates for brass and glass.

    Since Qbrass=QglassQ_{brass} = Q_{glass} and the area AA is the same for both, we can write:

    KbrassAΔTbrassLbrass=KglassAΔTglassLglass\frac{K_{brass} A \Delta T_{brass}}{L_{brass}} = \frac{K_{glass} A \Delta T_{glass}}{L_{glass}}

    The area AA cancels out:

    KbrassΔTbrassLbrass=KglassΔTglassLglass\frac{K_{brass} \Delta T_{brass}}{L_{brass}} = \frac{K_{glass} \Delta T_{glass}}{L_{glass}}
  3. Substitute the known values into the equation.

    105 W/Km×15∘C0.02 m=0.8 W/Km×45∘CLglass\frac{105 \text{ W/Km} \times 15^\circ\text{C}}{0.02 \text{ m}} = \frac{0.8 \text{ W/Km} \times 45^\circ\text{C}}{L_{glass}}
  4. Solve for LglassL_{glass}.

    Lglass=KglassΔTglassLbrassKbrassΔTbrassL_{glass} = \frac{K_{glass} \Delta T_{glass} L_{brass}}{K_{brass} \Delta T_{brass}} Lglass=0.8 W/Km×45∘C×0.02 m105 W/Km×15∘CL_{glass} = \frac{0.8 \text{ W/Km} \times 45^\circ\text{C} \times 0.02 \text{ m}}{105 \text{ W/Km} \times 15^\circ\text{C}} Lglass=36×0.021575L_{glass} = \frac{36 \times 0.02}{1575} Lglass=0.721575L_{glass} = \frac{0.72}{1575} Lglass≈0.00045714 mL_{glass} \approx 0.00045714 \text{ m}
  5. Convert the thickness to millimeters.

    Lglass=0.00045714 m×1000 mm/mL_{glass} = 0.00045714 \text{ m} \times 1000 \text{ mm/m} Lglass≈0.457 mmL_{glass} \approx 0.457 \text{ mm}

    Rounding to two decimal places, Lglass≈0.46 mmL_{glass} \approx 0.46 \text{ mm}.

    The final answer is D. 0.46mm\text{D. 0.46mm}.

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