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A thermodynamic system is taken from an original state A to an intermediate state B by a linear process as shown in the figure. Its volume is then reduced to the original value from B to C by an isobaric process. The total work done by the gas from A to B and B to C would be:

Physics

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Answer

800 J\text{800 J}

Step-by-step solution

5 steps
  1. Identify the initial and final states and the type of processes.

    The system starts at state A, goes to state B via a linear process, and then from state B to state C via an isobaric process.
    From the graph:
    State A: PA=8000 Dyne/cm2P_A = 8000 \, \text{Dyne/cm}^2, VA=3 m3V_A = 3 \, \text{m}^3
    State B: PB=4000 Dyne/cm2P_B = 4000 \, \text{Dyne/cm}^2, VB=7 m3V_B = 7 \, \text{m}^3
    State C: The process B to C is isobaric, so PC=PB=4000 Dyne/cm2P_C = P_B = 4000 \, \text{Dyne/cm}^2. The volume at C is reduced to the original value from A, so VC=VA=3 m3V_C = V_A = 3 \, \text{m}^3.

  2. Convert pressure units to SI units (Pascals).

    We know that 1 Dyne/cm2=0.1 N/m2=0.1 Pa1 \, \text{Dyne/cm}^2 = 0.1 \, \text{N/m}^2 = 0.1 \, \text{Pa}.
    PA=8000 Dyne/cm2=8000×0.1 Pa=800 PaP_A = 8000 \, \text{Dyne/cm}^2 = 8000 \times 0.1 \, \text{Pa} = 800 \, \text{Pa}
    PB=4000 Dyne/cm2=4000×0.1 Pa=400 PaP_B = 4000 \, \text{Dyne/cm}^2 = 4000 \times 0.1 \, \text{Pa} = 400 \, \text{Pa}
    PC=400 PaP_C = 400 \, \text{Pa}

  3. Calculate the work done during the process A to B (WABW_{AB}).

    The process A to B is a linear process on a P-V diagram. The work done is the area of the trapezoid under the line segment AB.

    WAB=12(PA+PB)(VB−VA)W_{AB} = \frac{1}{2} (P_A + P_B) (V_B - V_A)

    Substitute the values:

    WAB=12(800 Pa+400 Pa)(7 m3−3 m3)W_{AB} = \frac{1}{2} (800 \, \text{Pa} + 400 \, \text{Pa}) (7 \, \text{m}^3 - 3 \, \text{m}^3) WAB=12(1200 Pa)(4 m3)W_{AB} = \frac{1}{2} (1200 \, \text{Pa}) (4 \, \text{m}^3) WAB=600 Pa×4 m3W_{AB} = 600 \, \text{Pa} \times 4 \, \text{m}^3 WAB=2400 JW_{AB} = 2400 \, \text{J}
  4. Calculate the work done during the process B to C (WBCW_{BC}).

    The process B to C is an isobaric process (constant pressure). The work done is given by W=PΔVW = P \Delta V.

    WBC=PB(VC−VB)W_{BC} = P_B (V_C - V_B)

    Substitute the values:

    WBC=400 Pa(3 m3−7 m3)W_{BC} = 400 \, \text{Pa} (3 \, \text{m}^3 - 7 \, \text{m}^3) WBC=400 Pa(−4 m3)W_{BC} = 400 \, \text{Pa} (-4 \, \text{m}^3) WBC=−1600 JW_{BC} = -1600 \, \text{J}
  5. Calculate the total work done (WtotalW_{total}).

    The total work done is the sum of the work done in each process.

    Wtotal=WAB+WBCW_{total} = W_{AB} + W_{BC} Wtotal=2400 J+(−1600 J)W_{total} = 2400 \, \text{J} + (-1600 \, \text{J}) Wtotal=800 JW_{total} = 800 \, \text{J}

    The final answer is 800 J\text{800 J}.

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