We read your photo as:

A worker pulls a crate with a mass of 30kg from rest along a horizontal floor, by applying a constant force of magnitude 50 N at an angle of 30° to the horizontal. A frictional force of magnitude 20 N acts on the crate whilst it is moving along the floor.

Physics

ScanSolve AI Answer

Step-by-step solution

6 steps

6.1 Define the term work.
Work is done when a force causes a displacement of an object. It is defined as the product of the magnitude of the displacement and the component of the force parallel to the displacement.

6.2 Draw a labelled force diagram that shows all the forces that act on the block.
A force diagram for the block would show the following forces:

  • Applied Force (FappF_{app}): 50 N, acting at an angle of 30∘30^\circ above the horizontal, pulling the crate.
  • Gravitational Force (FgF_g or Weight): Acting vertically downwards from the center of the crate. Fg=mg=30 kg×9.8 m/s2=294 NF_g = mg = 30 \text{ kg} \times 9.8 \text{ m/s}^2 = 294 \text{ N}.
  • Normal Force (FNF_N): Acting vertically upwards from the surface, perpendicular to the floor.
  • Frictional Force (FfF_f): 20 N, acting horizontally opposite to the direction of motion (to the left).

6.3 Calculate the:

6.3.1 magnitude of the horizontal component of the applied force.

  1. Identify the applied force and angle.

    The applied force is Fapp=50 NF_{app} = 50 \text{ N} at an angle θ=30∘\theta = 30^\circ to the horizontal.

  2. Calculate the horizontal component.

    Fx=Fappcos⁡θF_x = F_{app} \cos \theta Fx=50 N×cos⁡(30∘)F_x = 50 \text{ N} \times \cos(30^\circ) Fx=50 N×32F_x = 50 \text{ N} \times \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2} Fx=43.301 NF_x = 43.301 \text{ N}

    The magnitude of the horizontal component of the applied force is 43.30 N\boxed{43.30 \text{ N}}.

    6.3.2 work done by the horizontal component of the applied force.

  3. Identify the horizontal force and displacement.

    The horizontal component of the applied force is Fx=43.301 NF_x = 43.301 \text{ N} (from 6.3.1).
    The displacement is d=6 md = 6 \text{ m}.

  4. Calculate the work done.

    Work done (WW) is given by W=F⋅dcos⁡ϕW = F \cdot d \cos \phi. Since the force is horizontal and the displacement is horizontal, ϕ=0∘\phi = 0^\circ and cos⁡(0∘)=1\cos(0^\circ) = 1.

    Wapp,x=Fx×dW_{app,x} = F_x \times d Wapp,x=43.301 N×6 mW_{app,x} = 43.301 \text{ N} \times 6 \text{ m} Wapp,x=259.806 JW_{app,x} = 259.806 \text{ J}

    The work done by the horizontal component of the applied force is 259.81 J\boxed{259.81 \text{ J}}.

    6.3.3 work done due to the frictional force acting on the box.

  5. Identify the frictional force and displacement.

    The frictional force is Ff=20 NF_f = 20 \text{ N}.
    The displacement is d=6 md = 6 \text{ m}.

  6. Calculate the work done.

    The frictional force acts opposite to the direction of motion, so the angle between the force and displacement is ϕ=180∘\phi = 180^\circ.

    Wf=Ff×d×cos⁡ϕW_f = F_f \times d \times \cos \phi Wf=20 N×6 m×cos⁡(180∘)W_f = 20 \text{ N} \times 6 \text{ m} \times \cos(180^\circ) Wf=20 N×6 m×(−1)W_f = 20 \text{ N} \times 6 \text{ m} \times (-1) Wf=−120 JW_f = -120 \text{ J}

    The work done due to the frictional force is −120 J\boxed{-120 \text{ J}}.

Was this helpful?

Still stuck on this one?

Ask a follow-up, and the answer starts from this question.

Got a different question?Ask your own question
Handwritten step-by-step solution preview

Handwritten Step-by-Step Solution

Get this as a handwritten image on WhatsApp — like a tutor wrote it for you.

Try on WhatsApp