Distinguish between fungal diseases and non-communicable diseases. List two examples each of fungal and non-communicable diseases. State two ways of preventing non-communicable diseases.

b)

i) Fungal diseases are caused by pathogenic fungi and can often be transmitted from person to person or from the environment. Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are not caused by infectious agents and cannot be spread from person to person; they are typically chronic conditions resulting from a combination of genetic, physiological, environmental, and behavioral factors.

ii)

• Two examples of fungal diseases:

1. Ringworm
2. Athlete's foot

• Two examples of non-communicable diseases:

1. Diabetes
2. Heart disease

iii) Two ways of preventing non-communicable diseases are:

1. Maintaining a healthy diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, while limiting processed foods, sugar, and unhealthy fats.
2. Engaging in regular physical activity to maintain a healthy weight, improve cardiovascular health, and reduce stress.