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Identify the symbols labelled II, III and IV. Draw a circuit diagram using symbols I, II, III, IV and V. Determine the value of II in S.I. units if V reads 5 units and IV reads 5 units.

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Part c· 3 steps

Circuit Symbols

  • (c)(i) Name the symbols labelled II, III and IV.

    • II: Resistor
    • III: Switch
    • IV: Voltmeter

  • (c)(ii) Draw a circuit diagram using all the symbols labelled I, II, III, IV and V. The circuit diagram should show a cell (I), a switch (III), a resistor (II), and an ammeter (V) connected in series. A voltmeter (IV) should be connected in parallel across the resistor (II).

  • (c)(iii) If the circuit is closed and V reads 5 units with IV reading 5 units, determine the value of II in S.I. units.

  1. Identify the given values.

    Symbol V represents an ammeter, so the current $I = 5$ A.  
Symbol IV represents a voltmeter, so the voltage $V = 5$ V.  
Symbol II represents a resistor, $R$.

  2. Apply Ohm's Law.

    Ohm's Law states that $V = IR$. To find the resistance $R$, we rearrange the formula:
$$
R = \frac{V}{I}
$$

  3. Substitute the values and calculate.

    $$
R = \frac{5 \text{ V}}{5 \text{ A}}
$$
$$
R = 1 \text{ } \Omega
$$
The value of II (the resistor) is $\boxed{\text{1 Ohm}}$.

Part d· 6 steps

pH and Solutions

  • (d)(i) Identify the solution that would have a pH value equal to:

    • (a) 7: This corresponds to a neutral solution. Sodium chloride (NaCl) is a salt of a strong acid and a strong base, making its solution neutral.
      • Solution: C\boxed{\text{C}}
    • (b) 14: This corresponds to a very strong basic solution. Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is a strong base.
      • Solution: E\boxed{\text{E}}

  • (d)(ii) Identify the solution that can be classified as a/an:

    • (a) strong acid: Hydrochloric acid (HCl) is a strong acid.
      • Solution: A\boxed{\text{A}}
    • (b) neutral: Sodium chloride (NaCl) is a neutral salt.
      • Solution: C\boxed{\text{C}}
    • (c) weak base: Ammonia (NH₃) is a weak base.
      • Solution: D\boxed{\text{D}}
    • (d) weak acid: Ethanoic acid (CH₃COOH) is a weak acid.
      • Solution: B\boxed{\text{B}}

  • (d)(iii) Suggest the pH value of solution A.

  1. Identify the solution and its concentration.

    Solution A is 0.1 mol dm⁻³ HCl. HCl is a strong acid.

  2. Determine the hydrogen ion concentration.

    For a strong acid, the concentration of hydrogen ions is equal to the acid's concentration.
$$
[\text{H}^{+}] = 0.1 \text{ mol dm}^{-3} = 10^{-1} \text{ mol dm}^{-3}
$$

  3. Calculate the pH.

    The pH is calculated using the formula $\text{pH} = -\log_{10}[\text{H}^{+}]$.
$$
\text{pH} = -\log_{10}(10^{-1})
$$
$$
\text{pH} = -(-1)
$$
$$
\text{pH} = 1
$$
The pH value of solution A is $\boxed{\text{1}}$.

    • (d)(iv) Identify two solutions in the table that will react to form salt and water. This reaction is a neutralization reaction between an acid and a base. From the table, acids are A (HCl) and B (CH₃COOH). Bases are D (NH₃) and E (NaOH). Two solutions that will react to form salt and water are A (HCl) and E (NaOH)\boxed{\text{A (HCl) and E (NaOH)}}.

    • (d)(v) What would be the colour of solution C upon addition of drops of universal indicator.

  4. Identify solution C.

    Solution C is 0.1 mol dm⁻³ NaCl.

  5. Determine the nature of solution C.

    NaCl is a salt formed from a strong acid (HCl) and a strong base (NaOH), making it a neutral solution with a pH of 7.

  6. State the universal indicator color for a neutral solution.

    Universal indicator turns $\boxed{\text{green}}$ in a neutral solution.
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