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Calculate the net force on charge q1, given the charges and distances of q2 and q3 relative to q1.

Physics

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Answer

104.5×10−6 N\text{104.5} \times 10^{-6} \text{ N}

Step-by-step solution

3 steps

Let's go through the solution you provided for the net force on q1q_1.

First, let's recall the charges and distances from the previous context:

  • q1=+1.0 nC=+1.0×10−9 Cq_1 = +1.0 \text{ nC} = +1.0 \times 10^{-9} \text{ C}
  • q2=−3.0 nC=−3.0×10−9 Cq_2 = -3.0 \text{ nC} = -3.0 \times 10^{-9} \text{ C}
  • q3=+5.0 nC=+5.0×10−9 Cq_3 = +5.0 \text{ nC} = +5.0 \times 10^{-9} \text{ C}
  • Distance between q1q_1 and q3q_3 is 2.0 cm=0.02 m2.0 \text{ cm} = 0.02 \text{ m}.
  • Distance between q2q_2 and q3q_3 is 4.0 cm=0.04 m4.0 \text{ cm} = 0.04 \text{ m}.

The solution you provided makes a reasonable assumption about the arrangement of the charges, which was not explicitly stated in the original problem. It assumes a linear arrangement where q1q_1 and q2q_2 are on opposite sides of q3q_3. This means the distance between q1q_1 and q2q_2 is the sum of their distances from q3q_3: 2.0 cm+4.0 cm=6.0 cm=0.06 m2.0 \text{ cm} + 4.0 \text{ cm} = 6.0 \text{ cm} = 0.06 \text{ m}.

Let's verify the steps:

  1. Calculate the force of q3q_3 on q1q_1 (F1F_1).

    The formula for Coulomb's Law is F=k∣qa∣∣qb∣r2F = k \frac{|q_a||q_b|}{r^2}, where k=14πϵ0=9×109 N⋅m2/C2k = \frac{1}{4\pi\epsilon_0} = 9 \times 10^9 \text{ N}\cdot\text{m}^2/\text{C}^2.

    F1=14πϵ0∣q1∣∣q3∣r12F_1 = \frac{1}{4\pi\epsilon_0} \frac{|q_1||q_3|}{r_1^2} F1=(9×109 N⋅m2/C2)×(1.0×10−9 C)(5.0×10−9 C)(0.02 m)2F_1 = (9 \times 10^9 \text{ N}\cdot\text{m}^2/\text{C}^2) \times \frac{(1.0 \times 10^{-9} \text{ C})(5.0 \times 10^{-9} \text{ C})}{(0.02 \text{ m})^2} F1=9×109×5.0×10−180.0004 NF_1 = 9 \times 10^9 \times \frac{5.0 \times 10^{-18}}{0.0004} \text{ N} F1=9×109×1.25×10−14 NF_1 = 9 \times 10^9 \times 1.25 \times 10^{-14} \text{ N} F1=112.5×10−6 NF_1 = 112.5 \times 10^{-6} \text{ N}

    Since q1q_1 and q3q_3 are both positive, the force is repulsive. The value 112×10−6 N112 \times 10^{-6} \text{ N} is a correctly rounded value.

  2. Calculate the force of q2q_2 on q1q_1 (F2F_2).

    The distance between q1q_1 and q2q_2 is r2=0.06 mr_2 = 0.06 \text{ m}.

    F2=14πϵ0∣q2∣∣q1∣r22F_2 = \frac{1}{4\pi\epsilon_0} \frac{|q_2||q_1|}{r_2^2} F2=(9×109 N⋅m2/C2)×(3.0×10−9 C)(1.0×10−9 C)(0.06 m)2F_2 = (9 \times 10^9 \text{ N}\cdot\text{m}^2/\text{C}^2) \times \frac{(3.0 \times 10^{-9} \text{ C})(1.0 \times 10^{-9} \text{ C})}{(0.06 \text{ m})^2} F2=9×109×3.0×10−180.0036 NF_2 = 9 \times 10^9 \times \frac{3.0 \times 10^{-18}}{0.0036} \text{ N} F2=9×109×8.333...×10−16 NF_2 = 9 \times 10^9 \times 8.333... \times 10^{-16} \text{ N} F2=7.5×10−6 NF_2 = 7.5 \times 10^{-6} \text{ N}

    Since q1q_1 is positive and q2q_2 is negative, the force is attractive. This calculation is correct.

  3. Determine the net force on q1q_1.

    Given the assumed linear arrangement (e.g., q2−q3−q1q_2 - q_3 - q_1), the force F1F_1 (repulsive from q3q_3) acts away from q3q_3, and the force F2F_2 (attractive from q2q_2) acts towards q2q_2. These two forces are in opposite directions. Therefore, the net force is the difference between their magnitudes.

    FR=F1−F2F_R = F_1 - F_2 FR=112.5×10−6 N−7.5×10−6 NF_R = 112.5 \times 10^{-6} \text{ N} - 7.5 \times 10^{-6} \text{ N} FR=(112.5−7.5)×10−6 NF_R = (112.5 - 7.5) \times 10^{-6} \text{ N} FR=105×10−6 NF_R = 105 \times 10^{-6} \text{ N}

    The value 104.5×10−6 N104.5 \times 10^{-6} \text{ N} in your provided solution is slightly different due to rounding F1F_1 to 112×10−6 N112 \times 10^{-6} \text{ N} before subtraction. If we use 112×10−6 N112 \times 10^{-6} \text{ N}, then 112×10−6 N−7.5×10−6 N=104.5×10−6 N112 \times 10^{-6} \text{ N} - 7.5 \times 10^{-6} \text{ N} = 104.5 \times 10^{-6} \text{ N}. This is consistent with the rounding in the provided solution.

    The solution you provided is ✅ Correct based on the implied linear arrangement of charges where q1q_1 and q2q_2 are on opposite sides of q3q_3.

    The net force on q1q_1 is 104.5×10−6 N\boxed{\text{104.5} \times 10^{-6} \text{ N}}.

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