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Describe the properties and behavior of alpha, beta, and gamma radiation, including their deflection in magnetic and electric fields and their identification in nuclear reactions.

Physics

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Answer

d(ii)

210\text{210}

84\text{84}

Step-by-step solution

2 steps

Part a

γ\gamma-rays are a form of electromagnetic radiation (high-energy photons) with no mass or charge.

Part b

  • α\alpha-particles are positively charged and β\beta-particles are negatively charged, so they will be deflected in opposite directions by the magnetic field.
  • β\beta-particles have much less mass than α\alpha-particles, so they will experience a greater deflection than α\alpha-particles.

Part c

β\beta-particles are negatively charged. In an electric field between oppositely charged plates, they will be attracted to the positive plate and repelled by the negative plate. Their path will be a parabolic curve towards the positive plate.

Part d(i)

The particle \prescript42X\prescript{4}{2}{\text{X}} has a mass number of 4 and an atomic number of 2. This corresponds to an alpha particle (helium nucleus).

Part d(ii)

210\text{210}

For the nuclear equation \prescriptAZPo→\prescript20682Pb+\prescript42X\prescript{A}{Z}{\text{Po}} \to \prescript{206}{82}{\text{Pb}} + \prescript{4}{2}{\text{X}}, we apply the conservation of mass number (A) and atomic number (Z).

  1. Conserve the mass number (A).

    A=206+4A = 206 + 4 A=210A = 210

  2. Conserve the atomic number (Z).

    Z=82+2Z = 82 + 2 Z=84Z = 84

    The values are:
    A = 210\boxed{\text{210}}
    Z = 84\boxed{\text{84}}

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