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Calculate the resultant force of the charge as seen due to the charges A and B.

Physics

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Answer

250 N to the right\text{250 N to the right}

Step-by-step solution

3 steps

To calculate the resultant force on charge B, we need to find the individual forces exerted by charge A and charge C on charge B using Coulomb's Law, and then sum them vectorially.

Given values:
Coulomb's constant, k=9×109 N m2/C2k = 9 \times 10^9 \text{ N m}^2/\text{C}^2
Charge A, QA=+8×10−6 CQ_A = +8 \times 10^{-6} \text{ C}
Charge B, QB=−10×10−6 CQ_B = -10 \times 10^{-6} \text{ C}
Charge C, QC=+12×10−6 CQ_C = +12 \times 10^{-6} \text{ C}
Distance between A and B, rAB=12 cm=0.12 mr_{AB} = 12 \text{ cm} = 0.12 \text{ m}
Distance between B and C, rBC=6 cm=0.06 mr_{BC} = 6 \text{ cm} = 0.06 \text{ m}

  1. Calculate the force exerted by charge A on charge B (FBAF_{BA}).

    Since QAQ_A is positive and QBQ_B is negative, the force is attractive, meaning FBAF_{BA} acts to the left (towards A).

    FBA=k∣QAQB∣rAB2F_{BA} = k \frac{|Q_A Q_B|}{r_{AB}^2} FBA=(9×109 N m2/C2)∣(+8×10−6 C)(−10×10−6 C)∣(0.12 m)2F_{BA} = (9 \times 10^9 \text{ N m}^2/\text{C}^2) \frac{|(+8 \times 10^{-6} \text{ C})(-10 \times 10^{-6} \text{ C})|}{(0.12 \text{ m})^2} FBA=(9×109)80×10−120.0144F_{BA} = (9 \times 10^9) \frac{80 \times 10^{-12}}{0.0144} FBA=720×10−30.0144F_{BA} = \frac{720 \times 10^{-3}}{0.0144} FBA=50 NF_{BA} = 50 \text{ N}

    The direction of FBAF_{BA} is to the left.

  2. Calculate the force exerted by charge C on charge B (FBCF_{BC}).

    Since QBQ_B is negative and QCQ_C is positive, the force is attractive, meaning FBCF_{BC} acts to the right (towards C).

    FBC=k∣QBQC∣rBC2F_{BC} = k \frac{|Q_B Q_C|}{r_{BC}^2} FBC=(9×109 N m2/C2)∣(−10×10−6 C)(+12×10−6 C)∣(0.06 m)2F_{BC} = (9 \times 10^9 \text{ N m}^2/\text{C}^2) \frac{|(-10 \times 10^{-6} \text{ C})(+12 \times 10^{-6} \text{ C})|}{(0.06 \text{ m})^2} FBC=(9×109)120×10−120.0036F_{BC} = (9 \times 10^9) \frac{120 \times 10^{-12}}{0.0036} FBC=1080×10−30.0036F_{BC} = \frac{1080 \times 10^{-3}}{0.0036} FBC=300 NF_{BC} = 300 \text{ N}

    The direction of FBCF_{BC} is to the right.

  3. Calculate the resultant force on charge B.

    Let's consider the direction to the right as positive.
    The resultant force FnetF_{net} is the vector sum of FBCF_{BC} and FBAF_{BA}.

    Fnet=FBC−FBAF_{net} = F_{BC} - F_{BA} Fnet=300 N−50 NF_{net} = 300 \text{ N} - 50 \text{ N} Fnet=250 NF_{net} = 250 \text{ N}

    Since the result is positive, the resultant force is directed to the right (towards charge C).

    The resultant force on charge B is 250 N to the right\text{250 N to the right}.

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