Here are the solutions for the questions from the image:
21. Rocks whose form is changed as a result of internal heat and pressure are named:
- Rocks that undergo transformation due to intense heat and pressure are known as metamorphic rocks.
The correct option is A. Metamorphic rocks.
22. Which one of the following combinations causes the increasing world demand for water?
- Population growth directly increases the demand for domestic water. Modern intensive farming and industrial growth are major consumers of water for irrigation, manufacturing, and cooling.
The correct option is D. Growth of industry and modern intensive farming.
23. The buttress roots of trees of the tropical rainforest are useful in that they:
- Buttress roots are large, wide roots that provide structural stability and support to the tall trees in tropical rainforests, especially in shallow soils.
The correct option is D. Support their great height.
24. The correct order of the Earth's structure from its interior is:
- The Earth's layers, from the innermost to the outermost, are the inner core, outer core, mantle, and crust.
The correct option is A. Inner core, outer core, mantle, crust.
25. On which plate boundary are ocean trenches formed?
- Oceanic trenches are typically formed at destructive (convergent) plate boundaries where one oceanic plate subducts beneath another plate.
The correct option is C. Destructive.
26. Select from the following combinations the one that gives only processes of chemical weathering:
- Hydrolysis is a chemical reaction with water, and oxidation is a chemical reaction with oxygen, both altering the mineral composition of rocks. Exfoliation, frost shattering, and pressure release are physical weathering processes.
The correct option is B. Hydrolysis and Oxidation.
27. Volcanoes that have not shown evidence of eruption for a long time are considered as:
- A volcano that has not erupted for a long time but is still capable of erupting in the future is classified as dormant.
The correct option is B. Dormant.
28. Select three correct statements from the following on weathering and denudation:
- I. During weathering rocks are broken down by nature. (True: Weathering is the breakdown of rocks in situ.)
- II. During Erosion rocks are worn down. (True: Erosion involves the wearing away of rock material.)
- III. Weathering moves materials from one place to another. (False: Erosion moves materials; weathering is stationary.)
- IV. Erosion includes the removal of loose materials. (True: Erosion is the transport of weathered material.)
- Therefore, statements I, II, and IV are correct.
The correct option is B. I, II, IV.
29. Which one of the following is not an advantage of the informal sector to the economy?
- While the informal sector provides employment and affordable goods, the involvement of many children, often in unregulated and sometimes exploitative conditions, is generally considered a social and economic disadvantage, not an advantage.
The correct option is A. Many children are involved.
30. At what stage of Economic Development did W.W. Rostow (1960) place countries with the following characteristics: Rapid growth of industries, increased investments in agriculture/transport/services, and improved standard of living?
- The "Take-off" stage (Stage 3) in Rostow's model is characterized by rapid industrial growth, increased investment, and the emergence of modern economic sectors, leading to an improved standard of living.
The correct option is C. Stage 3: Take off.
31. The energy resource in the table correct classification is:
- Natural gas is a fossil fuel formed over geological timescales. It is a finite resource and cannot be replenished within a human lifespan, making it a non-renewable energy resource.
The correct option is A. Natural Gas Non-renewable.
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