Explain the difference between workplace health and safety. List three types of PPE for a plumbing workshop and explain their use. What is the safe working angle for a ladder?

a) • Health in the workplace refers to the long-term well-being of individuals, focusing on preventing illnesses, diseases, and chronic conditions that can arise from work activities or exposure to hazardous substances. For equipment, it relates to ensuring ergonomic design to prevent long-term physical strain. • Safety focuses on preventing immediate physical harm, injuries, and acute incidents (like cuts, falls, or burns) that can occur due to unsafe conditions, practices, or equipment malfunctions. For equipment, it means ensuring the equipment itself is designed and maintained to prevent immediate injury, such as having guards on moving parts. b) Three personal protective equipment (PPE) recommended for a busy plumbing workshop: • Safety glasses or goggles: To protect eyes from splashes of chemicals, flying debris from cutting pipes, or sparks during soldering. • Work gloves: To protect hands from cuts, abrasions, hot surfaces, and exposure to chemicals or dirty water. • Steel-toe safety boots: To protect feet from falling tools, heavy pipes, or other materials that could cause crushing injuries. c) i) I cannot provide a sketch, but the safe working angle for a ladder is approximately 75 degrees from the horizontal ground. This is often referred to as the "1 in 4 rule," meaning for every 4 units of vertical height the ladder reaches, its base should be 1 unit away from the wall. c) ii) Five major causes of accidents in workshops: • Untidy or Cluttered Workspaces: Leading to tripping hazards, blocked pathways, or materials falling from shelves. • Improper Use of Tools and Equipment: Using the wrong tool for a task, not following operating instructions, or using tools that are damaged. • Lack of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): Not wearing appropriate PPE or wearing damaged PPE, leaving workers vulnerable to hazards. • Lack of Training or Supervision: Workers not being adequately trained on safe procedures or not being properly supervised, leading to unsafe practices. • Defective or Poorly Maintained Equipment: Using machinery or tools that are faulty, broken, or lack necessary safety guards, increasing the risk of mechanical failure and injury. 3 done, 2 left today. You're making progress.