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A) Define: i) Atomic number ii) Mass number b) Calculate the relative atomic mass of element X given its isotopes and their abundances. c) Define isotopes.

Chemistry

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Answer

ii

35.5\text{35.5}

Step-by-step solution

3 steps

6. a) Define:

Part i

Atomic number

The atomic number (Z) is the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom. It determines the chemical identity of an element.

Part ii

35.5\text{35.5}

Mass number

The mass number (A) is the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom.

6. b) Calculate the relative atomic mass of element X.

  1. Identify the mass numbers and abundances of the isotopes.

    Isotope X1: Mass number = 35, Abundance = 75%
    Isotope X2: Mass number = 37, Abundance = 25%

  2. Use the formula for relative atomic mass.

    Relative atomic mass =∑(isotope mass×fractional abundance)= \sum (\text{isotope mass} \times \text{fractional abundance})

    Relative atomic mass=(35×0.75)+(37×0.25)\text{Relative atomic mass} = (35 \times 0.75) + (37 \times 0.25)
  3. Perform the calculation.

    Relative atomic mass=26.25+9.25\text{Relative atomic mass} = 26.25 + 9.25 Relative atomic mass=35.5\text{Relative atomic mass} = 35.5

    The relative atomic mass of element X is 35.5\boxed{\text{35.5}}.

    6. c) Define the term isotopes.
    Isotopes are atoms of the same element that have the same number of protons (atomic number) but different numbers of neutrons, resulting in different mass numbers.

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