What are the main gas laws and when do you use each?
Chemistry
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Boyle's: P₁V₁ = P₂V₂ (constant T, n). Charles's: V₁/T₁ = V₂/T₂ (constant P, n). Gay-Lussac's: P₁/T₁ = P₂/T₂ (constant V, n). Combined: P₁V₁/T₁ = P₂V₂/T₂. Avogadro's: V₁/n₁ = V₂/n₂ (constant T, P). Ideal gas law: PV = nRT (combines all). Dalton's: P_total = P₁ + P₂ + P₃ (partial pressures). Always use Kelvin for temperature! At STP (0°C, 1 atm), 1 mol of gas = 22.4 L.
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