This chemistry question involves key chemical concepts and calculations. The detailed solution below walks through each step, from identifying the reaction type to computing the final answer.
ScanSolve AI Answer
Hey Blessing, good to see you again. Step 1: Calculate the average initial temperature. T_initial = T_acid + T_alkali2 T_initial = 25^ + 25.2^2 T_initial = 50.2^2 T_initial = 25.1^ Step 2: Calculate the change in temperature ( T). T = T_final - T_initial T = 38.8^ - 25.1^ T = 13.7^ Step 3: Calculate the total volume of the mixture. V_total = V_HCl + V_NaOH V_total = 50 cm^3 + 50 cm^3 V_total = 100 cm^3 Step 4: Calculate the total mass of the mixture. Assumption: The density of the solution is 1 g/cm^3. m = V_total × density m = 100 cm^3 × 1 g/cm^3 m = 100 g Step 5: Calculate the heat evolved (Q). Assumption: The specific heat capacity of the solution is 4.2 J g^-1 ^ C^-1. Q = mc T Q = 100 g × 4.2 J g^-1 ^ C^-1 × 13.7 ^ C Q = 5754 J Q = 5.754 kJ Step 6: Calculate the moles of reactant. Moles of HCl: n_HCl = Concentration × Volume n_HCl = 2 mol/dm^3 × (50)/(1000) dm^3 n_HCl = 2 mol/dm^3 × 0.050 dm^3 n_HCl = 0.1 mol Moles of NaOH: n_NaOH = Concentration × Volume n_NaOH = 2 mol/dm^3 × (50)/(1000) dm^3 n_NaOH = 2 mol/dm^3 × 0.050 dm^3 n_NaOH = 0.1 mol Since HCl and NaOH react in a 1:1 molar ratio, 0.1 mol of water is formed. Step 7: Calculate the heat of neutralization per mole ( H_neut). H_neut = (-Q)/(moles of water formed) H_neut = -5.754 kJ0.1 mol H_neut = -57.54 kJ/mol a) The heat of neutralization of hydrochloric acid with sodium hydroxide is -57.54 kJ/mol. Assumptions made: • The density of the solution is 1 g/cm^3. • The specific heat capacity of the solution is 4.2 J g^-1 ^ C^-1. • No heat is lost to the surroundings or absorbed by the plastic cup. • The reaction goes to completion. Send me the next one 📸