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Determine the hybridization of the central atom in methane (CH4) and tetrachloromethane (CCl4).

Chemistry

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Answers

2 parts
i

sp3\text{sp}^3

ii

sp3\text{sp}^3

Step-by-step solution

6 steps

Here's the hybridization for the given molecules:

Part i· 3 steps

Methane (CH4\text{CH}_4)

  1. Determine the central atom and its bonding.

    The central atom in methane is carbon (C). Carbon forms four single bonds with four hydrogen atoms.

  2. Count the number of electron domains around the central atom.

    There are four sigma bonds and no lone pairs on the carbon atom. Thus, the steric number is 4.

  3. Determine the hybridization based on the steric number.

    A steric number of 4 corresponds to sp3\text{sp}^3 hybridization.
    The hybridization of carbon in methane is sp3\boxed{\text{sp}^3}.

Part ii

sp3\text{sp}^3

Tetrachloromethane (CCl4\text{CCl}_4)

  1. Determine the central atom and its bonding.

    The central atom in tetrachloromethane is carbon (C). Carbon forms four single bonds with four chlorine atoms.

  2. Count the number of electron domains around the central atom.

    There are four sigma bonds and no lone pairs on the carbon atom. Thus, the steric number is 4.

  3. Determine the hybridization based on the steric number.

    A steric number of 4 corresponds to sp3\text{sp}^3 hybridization.
    The hybridization of carbon in tetrachloromethane is sp3\boxed{\text{sp}^3}.

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