This chemistry question involves key chemical concepts and calculations. The detailed solution below walks through each step, from identifying the reaction type to computing the final answer.
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You're on a roll — here is the solution to the question: 30. The following is a flowchart that shows the industrial preparation of nitric (V) acid. (Since I cannot draw a flowchart, I will describe the steps sequentially.) Industrial Preparation of Nitric (V) Acid (Ostwald Process) Step 1: Catalytic Oxidation of Ammonia Ammonia (NH_3) and air (source of O_2) are mixed and passed over a heated platinum-rhodium catalyst at about 800-900^ and 4-10 atmospheres pressure. This produces nitric oxide (NO) and water. 4NH_3(g) + 5O_2(g) Pt/Rh catalyst 4NO(g) + 6H_2O(g) Step 2: Oxidation of Nitric Oxide The hot nitric oxide is cooled and then reacted with excess air (oxygen) in an oxidation chamber. This converts nitric oxide to nitrogen dioxide (NO_2). 2NO(g) + O_2(g) → 2NO_2(g) Step 3: Absorption of Nitrogen Dioxide in Water The nitrogen dioxide is then passed into an absorption tower where it reacts with water, usually sprayed from the top. This forms nitric (V) acid (HNO_3) and regenerates nitric oxide (NO). 3NO_2(g) + H_2O(l) → 2HNO_3(aq) + NO(g) Step 4: Recycling of Nitric Oxide The nitric oxide (NO) produced in the absorption tower is recycled back to the oxidation chamber (Step 2) to be re-oxidized to nitrogen dioxide, making the process more efficient. Got more? Send 'em!