This chemistry question involves key chemical concepts and calculations. The detailed solution below walks through each step, from identifying the reaction type to computing the final answer.
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To prepare trioxonitrate (V) acid (nitric acid, HNO_3) in the laboratory: Step 1: Reactants Concentrated sulfuric acid (H_2SO_4) is reacted with a nitrate salt, typically potassium nitrate (KNO_3) or sodium nitrate (NaNO_3). Step 2: Procedure The nitrate salt is heated with concentrated sulfuric acid in an all-glass apparatus. The nitric acid produced is volatile and distills off as a gas, which is then condensed in a cooled receiver to form liquid nitric acid. Step 3: Chemical Equation The reaction between potassium nitrate and concentrated sulfuric acid is: KNO_3(s) + H_2SO_4(l) heat HNO_3(g) + KHSO_4(s) The nitric acid gas (HNO_3(g)) is then condensed to form liquid HNO_3(l). The laboratory preparation of trioxonitrate (V) acid involves heating a nitrate salt (e.g., potassium nitrate) with concentrated sulfuric acid. The nitric acid produced is collected by distillation.