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Define mole, Boyle's Law, allotropes of Carbon and period. Calculate the number of moles in 440g of CO2.
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The term mole is defined as the amount of substance that contains as many elementary entities (atoms, molecules, ions, or other particles) as there are atoms in exactly of carbon-12. This number is Avogadro's constant.
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Boyle's Law states that for a fixed mass of gas at constant temperature, the pressure of the gas is inversely proportional to its volume. Mathematically, this can be expressed as .
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Two allotropes of Carbon are:
- Diamond
- Graphite
- (Other examples include fullerenes and graphene)
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To calculate the number of moles in of :
Calculate the molar mass of .
Given atomic mass of $\text{C} = 12$ and $\text{O} = 16$. $$ \text{Molar mass of } \text{CO}_2 = (1 \times 12) + (2 \times 16) $$ $$ \text{Molar mass of } \text{CO}_2 = 12 + 32 $$ $$ \text{Molar mass of } \text{CO}_2 = 44 \text{ g/mol} $$Calculate the number of moles.
$$ \text{Number of moles} = \frac{\text{Mass}}{\text{Molar mass}} $$ $$ \text{Number of moles} = \frac{440 \text{ g}}{44 \text{ g/mol}} $$ $$ \text{Number of moles} = 10 \text{ mol} $$ The number of moles in $440 \text{ g}$ of $\text{CO}_2$ is $\boxed{\text{10 mol}}$.5. A period in the periodic table is a horizontal row of elements. Elements within the same period have the same number of electron shells.
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Avogadro's Constant is approximately .
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The type of bonding that exists in Sodium Chloride () is ionic bonding.
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