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75 degrees

Mathematics

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Answer

The angle ∠UOA=75∘\text{The angle } \angle UOA = 75^\circ

Step-by-step solution

4 steps

To construct an angle of 75∘75^\circ using only a compass and a pencil, we can combine a 60∘60^\circ angle and a 15∘15^\circ angle. The 15∘15^\circ angle is obtained by bisecting the 30∘30^\circ angle between the 60∘60^\circ and 90∘90^\circ lines.

  1. Draw a ray and construct a 60∘60^\circ angle.

    • Draw a ray OA⃗\vec{OA}.
    • Place the compass at point OO (the vertex) and draw a large arc that intersects OA⃗\vec{OA} at point PP.
    • With the same compass width, place the compass at PP and draw an arc that intersects the first arc at point QQ.
    • Draw a ray from OO through QQ. This ray, OQ⃗\vec{OQ}, forms a 60∘60^\circ angle with OA⃗\vec{OA} (i.e., ∠QOA=60∘\angle QOA = 60^\circ).
  2. Construct a 90∘90^\circ angle.

    • With the same compass width, place the compass at QQ and draw an arc that intersects the initial large arc at point RR. (This creates a 120∘120^\circ angle, ∠ROA\angle ROA).
    • Place the compass at QQ and draw an arc above the initial large arc.
    • Place the compass at RR and draw another arc that intersects the arc drawn from QQ. Let this intersection point be SS.
    • Draw a ray from OO through SS. This ray, OS⃗\vec{OS}, forms a 90∘90^\circ angle with OA⃗\vec{OA} (i.e., ∠SOA=90∘\angle SOA = 90^\circ).
  3. Bisect the angle between 60∘60^\circ and 90∘90^\circ.

    The angle between OQ⃗\vec{OQ} (60∘60^\circ) and OS⃗\vec{OS} (90∘90^\circ) is ∠SOQ=90∘−60∘=30∘\angle SOQ = 90^\circ - 60^\circ = 30^\circ.

    • Place the compass at QQ (where the initial arc intersects OQ⃗\vec{OQ}) and draw an arc inside ∠SOQ\angle SOQ.
    • Let TT be the point where the initial large arc intersects OS⃗\vec{OS}. Place the compass at TT and draw another arc that intersects the arc drawn from QQ. Let this intersection point be UU.
    • Draw a ray from OO through UU. This ray, OU⃗\vec{OU}, bisects ∠SOQ\angle SOQ. Therefore, ∠UOQ=12×30∘=15∘\angle UOQ = \frac{1}{2} \times 30^\circ = 15^\circ.
  4. Identify the 75∘75^\circ angle.

    The angle ∠UOA\angle UOA is the sum of ∠UOQ\angle UOQ and ∠QOA\angle QOA.

    ∠UOA=∠UOQ+∠QOA\angle UOA = \angle UOQ + \angle QOA ∠UOA=15∘+60∘\angle UOA = 15^\circ + 60^\circ ∠UOA=75∘\angle UOA = 75^\circ

    The final answer is The angle ∠UOA=75∘\text{The angle } \angle UOA = 75^\circ.

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