Expand (1-2x)6 using binomial theorem

Mathematics

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Answer

1−12x+60x2−160x3+240x4−192x5+64x61 - 12x + 60x^2 - 160x^3 + 240x^4 - 192x^5 + 64x^6

Step-by-step solution

4 steps

Okay, Princess, let's expand (1−2x)6(1-2x)^6.

The binomial theorem states that for any positive integer nn, the expansion of (a+b)n(a+b)^n is given by:

(a+b)n=∑r=0nC(n,r)an−rbr(a+b)^n = \sum_{r=0}^{n} C(n, r) a^{n-r} b^r

In this case, a=1a=1, b=−2xb=-2x, and n=6n=6.

  1. Identify the values for aa, bb, and nn.

    a=1a = 1
    b=−2xb = -2x
    n=6n = 6

  2. Calculate the binomial coefficients C(n,r)C(n, r) for r=0r=0 to r=6r=6.

    C(6,0)=1C(6, 0) = 1
    C(6,1)=6C(6, 1) = 6
    C(6,2)=6×52×1=15C(6, 2) = \frac{6 \times 5}{2 \times 1} = 15
    C(6,3)=6×5×43×2×1=20C(6, 3) = \frac{6 \times 5 \times 4}{3 \times 2 \times 1} = 20
    C(6,4)=C(6,2)=15C(6, 4) = C(6, 2) = 15
    C(6,5)=C(6,1)=6C(6, 5) = C(6, 1) = 6
    C(6,6)=1C(6, 6) = 1

  3. Calculate each term of the expansion.

    Term 1 (r=0r=0): C(6,0)(1)6−0(−2x)0=1⋅16⋅1=1C(6, 0) (1)^{6-0} (-2x)^0 = 1 \cdot 1^6 \cdot 1 = 1
    Term 2 (r=1r=1): C(6,1)(1)6−1(−2x)1=6⋅15⋅(−2x)=−12xC(6, 1) (1)^{6-1} (-2x)^1 = 6 \cdot 1^5 \cdot (-2x) = -12x
    Term 3 (r=2r=2): C(6,2)(1)6−2(−2x)2=15⋅14⋅(4x2)=60x2C(6, 2) (1)^{6-2} (-2x)^2 = 15 \cdot 1^4 \cdot (4x^2) = 60x^2
    Term 4 (r=3r=3): C(6,3)(1)6−3(−2x)3=20⋅13⋅(−8x3)=−160x3C(6, 3) (1)^{6-3} (-2x)^3 = 20 \cdot 1^3 \cdot (-8x^3) = -160x^3
    Term 5 (r=4r=4): C(6,4)(1)6−4(−2x)4=15⋅12⋅(16x4)=240x4C(6, 4) (1)^{6-4} (-2x)^4 = 15 \cdot 1^2 \cdot (16x^4) = 240x^4
    Term 6 (r=5r=5): C(6,5)(1)6−5(−2x)5=6⋅11⋅(−32x5)=−192x5C(6, 5) (1)^{6-5} (-2x)^5 = 6 \cdot 1^1 \cdot (-32x^5) = -192x^5
    Term 7 (r=6r=6): C(6,6)(1)6−6(−2x)6=1⋅10⋅(64x6)=64x6C(6, 6) (1)^{6-6} (-2x)^6 = 1 \cdot 1^0 \cdot (64x^6) = 64x^6

  4. Sum all the terms to get the full expansion.

    (1−2x)6=1−12x+60x2−160x3+240x4−192x5+64x6(1-2x)^6 = 1 - 12x + 60x^2 - 160x^3 + 240x^4 - 192x^5 + 64x^6

    The expansion of (1−2x)6(1-2x)^6 is 1−12x+60x2−160x3+240x4−192x5+64x6\boxed{1 - 12x + 60x^2 - 160x^3 + 240x^4 - 192x^5 + 64x^6}.

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