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Find the gradient and angle of inclination of the line PR, given P(9, 2) and R(-4, -4). Also, find the angle alpha between the y-axis and PR.

Mathematics

ScanSolve AI Answer

Answer

613\frac{6}{13}

65.2∘65.2^\circ

Step-by-step solution

4 steps
  1. Determine the gradient of PR (Question 1.1).

    The coordinates of P are (9;2)(9; 2) and R are (−4;−4)(-4; -4).
    The formula for the gradient mm between two points (x1,y1)(x_1, y_1) and (x2,y2)(x_2, y_2) is:

    m=y2−y1x2−x1m = \frac{y_2 - y_1}{x_2 - x_1}

    Let (x1,y1)=R(−4,−4)(x_1, y_1) = R(-4, -4) and (x2,y2)=P(9,2)(x_2, y_2) = P(9, 2).

    mPR=2−(−4)9−(−4)m_{PR} = \frac{2 - (-4)}{9 - (-4)} mPR=2+49+4m_{PR} = \frac{2 + 4}{9 + 4} mPR=613m_{PR} = \frac{6}{13}

    The gradient of PR is 613\boxed{\frac{6}{13}}.

  2. Find the angle of inclination of PR with the positive x-axis.

    Let θ\theta be the angle of inclination of line PR with the positive x-axis. We know that mPR=tan⁡θm_{PR} = \tan \theta.

    tan⁡θ=613\tan \theta = \frac{6}{13} θ=arctan⁡(613)\theta = \arctan\left(\frac{6}{13}\right) θ≈24.77∘\theta \approx 24.77^\circ
  3. Relate α\alpha to θ\theta and explain why 90∘−θ90^\circ - \theta is used.

    The angle α\alpha is defined as the angle between the y-axis and the line PR. The x-axis and y-axis are perpendicular, meaning they form a 90∘90^\circ angle.
    If θ\theta is the angle the line PR makes with the positive x-axis, then the acute angle it makes with the y-axis is the complement of θ\theta.
    Therefore, α=90∘−θ\alpha = 90^\circ - \theta. This is because the sum of the angles in the right-angled triangle formed by the line PR, the x-axis, and a vertical line from a point on PR to the x-axis, or by the line PR, the y-axis, and a horizontal line from a point on PR to the y-axis, must be 180∘180^\circ. Since the angle between the axes is 90∘90^\circ, the other two acute angles must sum to 90∘90^\circ.

  4. Calculate the size of α\alpha (Question 1.2).

    α=90∘−θ\alpha = 90^\circ - \theta α=90∘−24.77∘\alpha = 90^\circ - 24.77^\circ α≈65.23∘\alpha \approx 65.23^\circ

    Rounding to one decimal place:

    α≈65.2∘\alpha \approx 65.2^\circ

    The size of α\alpha is 65.2∘\boxed{65.2^\circ}.

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