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In the Venn Diagram, P, Q and R are subsets of the universal set. If n( U ) = 125, the value of x i. the value of x ii. n(PUQUR)

Mathematics

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Step-by-step solution

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Here's how to solve the problem:

  1. Sum the number of elements in all regions of the Venn Diagram to find n(P∪Q∪R)n(P \cup Q \cup R).

    n(P∪Q∪R)=(16−x)+(6+x)+(19−3x)+5x+8x+7x+4xn(P \cup Q \cup R) = (16-x) + (6+x) + (19-3x) + 5x + 8x + 7x + 4x

    Combine the constant terms:

    16+6+19=4116 + 6 + 19 = 41

    Combine the xx terms:

    −x+x−3x+5x+8x+7x+4x=(−1+1−3+5+8+7+4)x=21x-x + x - 3x + 5x + 8x + 7x + 4x = (-1+1-3+5+8+7+4)x = 21x

    So, the total number of elements in the union of P, Q, and R is:

    n(P∪Q∪R)=41+21xn(P \cup Q \cup R) = 41 + 21x
  2. Use the given total number of elements in the universal set, n(U)=125n(\mathcal{U}) = 125, to find the value of xx.

    Since no elements are shown outside the sets P, Q, and R, we assume n(P∪Q∪R)=n(U)n(P \cup Q \cup R) = n(\mathcal{U}).

    41+21x=12541 + 21x = 125

    Subtract 41 from both sides:

    21x=125−4121x = 125 - 41 21x=8421x = 84

    Divide by 21:

    x=8421x = \frac{84}{21} x=4x = 4

    The value of xx is 4\boxed{\text{4}}.

  3. Calculate n(P∪Q∪R)′n(P \cup Q \cup R)'.

    This represents the number of elements in the universal set that are not in P, Q, or R.

    n(P∪Q∪R)′=n(U)−n(P∪Q∪R)n(P \cup Q \cup R)' = n(\mathcal{U}) - n(P \cup Q \cup R)

    Substitute the value of x=4x=4 into the expression for n(P∪Q∪R)n(P \cup Q \cup R):

    n(P∪Q∪R)=41+21(4)n(P \cup Q \cup R) = 41 + 21(4) n(P∪Q∪R)=41+84n(P \cup Q \cup R) = 41 + 84 n(P∪Q∪R)=125n(P \cup Q \cup R) = 125

    Now, calculate n(P∪Q∪R)′n(P \cup Q \cup R)':

    n(P∪Q∪R)′=125−125n(P \cup Q \cup R)' = 125 - 125 n(P∪Q∪R)′=0n(P \cup Q \cup R)' = 0

    The value of n(P∪Q∪R)′n(P \cup Q \cup R)' is 0\boxed{\text{0}}.

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