Apply Kirchhoff's Voltage Law for a series circuit.

Physics

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Answer

V3=11 VV_3 = \text{11 V}

I=0.25 AI = \text{0.25 A}

R2=16 ΩR_2 = \text{16 }\Omega

Step-by-step solution

3 steps

Here's the solution for Question 1b:

Determine the p.d. across resistor R3

  1. Apply Kirchhoff's Voltage Law for a series circuit.

    In a series circuit, the total voltage supplied by the battery is the sum of the voltage drops across each resistor.

    V=V1+V2+V3V = V_1 + V_2 + V_3

    Substitute the given values from Figure 1b:

    25 V=10 V+4 V+V325\,V = 10\,V + 4\,V + V_3 25 V=14 V+V325\,V = 14\,V + V_3 V3=25 V−14 VV_3 = 25\,V - 14\,V V3=11 VV_3 = \boxed{\text{11 V}}

    Determine the current flowing through resistor R1

  2. Apply Ohm's Law to the entire circuit.

    The total current II flowing through a series circuit is determined by the total voltage VV and the total resistance RtotalR_{total}. In a series circuit, the current is the same through all resistors, including R1R_1.

    I=VRtotalI = \frac{V}{R_{total}}

    Substitute the total voltage V=25 VV = 25\,V and the given total resistance Rtotal=100 ΩR_{total} = 100\,\Omega:

    I=25 V100 ΩI = \frac{25\,V}{100\,\Omega} I=0.25 AI = \boxed{\text{0.25 A}}

    Find also the value of resistor R2

  3. Apply Ohm's Law to resistor R2.

    The resistance of R2R_2 can be found using the voltage drop across it (V2V_2) and the current flowing through it (II).

    R2=V2IR_2 = \frac{V_2}{I}

    Substitute the given V2=4 VV_2 = 4\,V from Figure 1b and the calculated current I=0.25 AI = 0.25\,A:

    R2=4 V0.25 AR_2 = \frac{4\,V}{0.25\,A} R2=16 ΩR_2 = \boxed{\text{16 }\Omega}
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