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Calculate the electrostatic force between two point charges q1 = 2 imes 10⁻⁷ C and q2 = 3 imes 10⁻⁷ C separated by 30 cm.

Physics

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Answer

6×10−3 N6 \times 10^{-3} \text{ N}

Step-by-step solution

3 steps
  1. Identify the given charges and distance, and convert units.

    The first charge is q1=2×10−7 Cq_1 = 2 \times 10^{-7} \text{ C}.
    The second charge is q2=3×10−7 Cq_2 = 3 \times 10^{-7} \text{ C}.
    The distance between the charges is r=30 cmr = 30 \text{ cm}. Convert this to meters:

    r=30×10−2 m=0.3 mr = 30 \times 10^{-2} \text{ m} = 0.3 \text{ m}

    The electrostatic constant (Coulomb's constant) is k=9×109 N m2 C−2k = 9 \times 10^9 \text{ N m}^2 \text{ C}^{-2}.

  2. Apply Coulomb's Law to find the force between the charges.

    Coulomb's Law states that the force (FF) between two point charges is given by:

    F=kq1q2r2F = k \frac{q_1 q_2}{r^2}
  3. Substitute the values into Coulomb's Law and calculate the force.

    F=(9×109 N m2 C−2)(2×10−7 C)(3×10−7 C)(0.3 m)2F = (9 \times 10^9 \text{ N m}^2 \text{ C}^{-2}) \frac{(2 \times 10^{-7} \text{ C})(3 \times 10^{-7} \text{ C})}{(0.3 \text{ m})^2} F=(9×109)(6×10−14)0.09 NF = (9 \times 10^9) \frac{(6 \times 10^{-14})}{0.09} \text{ N} F=54×109−140.09 NF = \frac{54 \times 10^{9-14}}{0.09} \text{ N} F=54×10−50.09 NF = \frac{54 \times 10^{-5}}{0.09} \text{ N} F=600×10−5 NF = 600 \times 10^{-5} \text{ N} F=6×10−3 NF = 6 \times 10^{-3} \text{ N}

    The force between the two charged spheres is 6×10−3 N6 \times 10^{-3} \text{ N}.

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