Figure 6 shows a cathode ray oscilloscope in which a beam of electrons is cast on the screen to produce a spot. (i) Explain how the intensity of the spot is increased. (ii) Explain what is observed on the screen when the time base is switched on, then switched off.

Haya, hizi hapa majibu ya maswali yako:

a) (i) Ili kuongeza ukali wa mwangaza (intensity) wa doa kwenye skrini:

• Punguza uwezo hasi wa gridi ya kudhibiti (control grid) ili kuruhusu elektroni nyingi zaidi kupita.
• Au, ongeza mkondo wa hita (heater current) kwenye kathodi ili kuongeza utoaji wa elektroni.

a) (ii) Kinachoonekana kwenye skrini wakati time base inawashwa, kisha kuzimwa:

• Wakati time base imewashwa, mstari mlalo (trace) huonekana kwenye skrini. Ikiwa kuna mawimbi ya kuingiza (input signal), basi umbo la wimbi huonyeshwa.
• Wakati time base imezimwa, mstari mlalo huacha kusonga, na boriti ya elektroni hujikita kwenye sehemu moja, na kutengeneza doa angavu lisilosonga kwenye skrini.