This physics problem tests your understanding of fundamental physical laws and their applications. The step-by-step solution below breaks down the problem using relevant equations and physical reasoning.

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1. Step 1: Start with the given formula for gravitational force. Step 2: To isolate , first multiply both sides of the equation by . Step 3: Next, divide both sides by to make the subject of the formula. The formula with as the subject is .
2. Step 1: Use the formula for derived in Question 1. Step 2: Substitute the given values into the formula: , , , and . Step 3: Calculate the square of and multiply the masses. Step 4: Perform the multiplication in the numerator and then the division. The value of is .
3. Gravitational potential is the work done per unit mass to move a test mass from infinity to a point in a gravitational field. It is always negative and is associated with mass. Electric potential is the work done per unit charge to move a test positive charge from infinity to a point in an electric field. It can be positive or negative and is associated with electric charge.
4. Two processes of demagnetisation are: • Heating: When a magnetic material is heated above its Curie temperature, the increased thermal energy causes the magnetic domains to lose their alignment, resulting in demagnetisation. • Hammering/Mechanical Shock: Repeatedly striking a magnet or subjecting it to strong mechanical vibrations can disorient the magnetic domains, causing them to become randomly arranged and thus demagnetising the material.
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1. Step 1: Start with the given formula for gravitational force.
This physics problem tests your understanding of fundamental physical laws and their applications. The step-by-step solution below breaks down the problem using relevant equations and physical reasoning.