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What are the solutions to the summative assessment questions about transformers, including identifying parts, types, and calculating current?

Physics

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Here are the solutions to the questions:

Summative assessment

  1. Choose the correct words from the box below to complete the sentences.

    • a) The basic transformer consists of two coils electrically insulated from each other.
    • b) When the secondary voltage is greater than the primary voltage, the transformer is called a step-up transformer.
    • c) When the secondary voltage is less than the primary voltage, the transformer is called a step-down transformer.
    • d) The purpose of laminating the core is to reduce loss due to eddy currents.
    • e) Small transformers are cooled by air convection.

  2. A single-phase transformer with a voltage of 11 kV11 \text{ kV} on the primary coil draws a current of 2 A2 \text{ A} from the supply. If the turns ratio is 20:120 : 1 and there are 110 turns on the secondary side, calculate:

    Given:

    • Primary voltage, VP=11 kV=11000 VV_P = 11 \text{ kV} = 11000 \text{ V}
    • Primary current, IP=2 AI_P = 2 \text{ A}
    • Turns ratio, NPNS=201\frac{N_P}{N_S} = \frac{20}{1}
    • Secondary turns, NS=110N_S = 110 turns

    a) the current flowing through the secondary coil

  1. Use the transformer turns ratio and current relationship.

    $$
\frac{N_P}{N_S} = \frac{I_S}{I_P}
$$

  2. Substitute the given values.

    $$
\frac{20}{1} = \frac{I_S}{2 \text{ A}}
$$

  3. Solve for ISI_S.

    $$
I_S = 20 \times 2 \text{ A}
$$
$$
I_S = \boxed{\text{40 A}}
$$

**b) the number of turns on the primary coil.**

  4. Use the transformer turns ratio.

    $$
\frac{N_P}{N_S} = \frac{20}{1}
$$

  5. Substitute the given secondary turns.

    $$
\frac{N_P}{110} = \frac{20}{1}
$$

  6. Solve for NPN_P.

    $$
N_P = 20 \times 110
$$
$$
N_P = \boxed{\text{2200 turns}}
$$

    Assignment 2 - Question 1

    Complete the following statements:

    • a) To obtain more current capacity, cells are connected in parallel.
    • b) A chemical cell is one which converts chemical energy into electrical energy.
    • c) Transformers have no moving parts.
    • d) When two resistors are connected in parallel, the voltage across each resistor is the same.
    • e) In a parallel circuit, an open circuit in one branch results in no current through that branch, but the other branches will still draw their normal current.
    • f) If two bulbs connected in parallel dissipates 100 W100 \text{ W}, then the total power supply voltage source is equal to (cannot be determined from the given information).
    • g) One of the advantages of load balancing is that each phase conductor carries the same current.
    • h) In a series circuit the total resistance is greater than any of the resistors.
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