Give two differences between conduction and radiation. 2. Potassium permanganate crystals are dropped into a beaker of water and warmed: a. State what would be observed; B. State the phenomenon demonstrated in (a) 3. Give two reasons why convection doesn't occur in solids.

Here are the answers to your questions:

1. Here are two differences between conduction and radiation:

   • Conduction requires a medium for heat transfer, while radiation does not and can occur in a vacuum.
   • Conduction involves the transfer of heat through direct contact and vibration of particles, whereas radiation involves the transfer of heat through electromagnetic waves.

2. Potassium permanganate crystals are dropped into a beaker of water and warmed:

   • a. It would be observed that the purple color from the potassium permanganate crystals spreads throughout the water, forming visible currents as the water is heated.
   • b. The phenomenon demonstrated in (a) is convection.

3. Convection does not occur in solids for two main reasons:

   • The particles (atoms or molecules) in solids are held in fixed positions and cannot move freely from one place to another.
   • Convection requires the bulk movement of fluid particles (liquids or gases) to transfer heat, which is not possible in the rigid structure of a solid.