What are the IUPAC name, molecular formula, and empirical formula for the given chemical structure?

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Here's the breakdown for question 1: The given structure is: H & H & H − C − C − H & OH & OH a) IUPAC nomenclature Step 1: Identify the longest carbon chain and functional groups. The molecule has two carbon atoms in a chain and two hydroxyl (-OH) groups, one on each carbon. Step 2: Name the compound based on IUPAC rules. The parent alkane is ethane. With two hydroxyl groups, it is a diol. The hydroxyl groups are on carbon 1 and carbon 2. The IUPAC name is ethane-1,2-diol. b) Molecular formula Step 1: Count the number of each type of atom in the structure. There are 2 carbon (C) atoms, 6 hydrogen (H) atoms (2 on each carbon, plus 1 in each OH group), and 2 oxygen (O) atoms. Step 2: Write the molecular formula. The molecular formula is C₂H₆O₂. c) Empirical formula Step 1: Determine the simplest whole-number ratio of atoms from the molecular formula. The molecular formula is C₂H₆O₂. The ratio of C:H:O is 2:6:2. Step 2: Divide the subscripts by the greatest common divisor. The greatest common divisor for 2, 6, and 2 is 2. Dividing by 2 gives a ratio of 1:3:1. The empirical formula is CH₃O.

What are the IUPAC name, molecular formula, and empirical formula for the given chemical structure?

Answers

Step-by-step solution

Part a· 2 steps

Identify the longest carbon chain and functional groups.

Name the compound based on IUPAC rules.

Part b· 2 steps
$\text{C}_2\text{H}_6\text{O}_2$

Count the number of each type of atom in the structure.

Write the molecular formula.

Part c· 2 steps
$\text{CH}_3\text{O}$

Determine the simplest whole-number ratio of atoms from the molecular formula.

Divide the subscripts by the greatest common divisor.

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What are the IUPAC name, molecular formula, and empirical formula for the given chemical structure?

Answers

Step-by-step solution

Part a· 2 steps

Identify the longest carbon chain and functional groups.

Name the compound based on IUPAC rules.

Part b· 2 stepsC2H6O2\text{C}_2\text{H}_6\text{O}_2C2​H6​O2​

Count the number of each type of atom in the structure.

Write the molecular formula.

Part c· 2 stepsCH3O\text{CH}_3\text{O}CH3​O

Determine the simplest whole-number ratio of atoms from the molecular formula.

Divide the subscripts by the greatest common divisor.

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Part b· 2 steps
$\text{C}_2\text{H}_6\text{O}_2$

Part c· 2 steps
$\text{CH}_3\text{O}$