This chemistry question involves key chemical concepts and calculations. The detailed solution below walks through each step, from identifying the reaction type to computing the final answer.
ScanSolve AI Answer
Here's how to solve the problem: i) The concentration of the concentrated HNO_3 Step 1: Calculate the mass of 1 \, dm^3 (1000 \, cm^3) of the HNO_3 solution. The density of the solution is 1.38 \, g/cm^3. Mass of solution = Density × Volume Mass of solution = 1.38 \, g/cm^3 × 1000 \, cm^3 = 1380 \, g Step 2: Calculate the mass of pure HNO_3 in the solution. The purity of the HNO_3 is 70\%. Mass of pure HNO_3 = 0.70 × 1380 \, g = 966 \, g Step 3: Calculate the moles of pure HNO_3. The molar mass of HNO_3 is 98 \, g/mol. Moles of HNO_3 = Mass of pure HNO_3Molar mass of HNO_3 Moles of HNO_3 = 966 \, g98 \, g/mol = 9.8571 \, mol Step 4: Calculate the concentration (molarity) of the concentrated HNO_3. The volume of the solution assumed is 1 \, dm^3. Concentration = Moles of HNO_3Volume of solution in dm^3 Concentration = 9.8571 \, mol1 \, dm^3 = 9.8571 \, mol/dm^3 Rounding to three significant figures: Concentration = 9.86 mol/dm^3 ii) The volume of the acid to be taken to prepare 2 \, dm^3 of 0.8 \, mol/dm^3 of HNO_3 Step 5: Use the dilution formula C_1V_1 = C_2V_2. C_1 = 9.8571 \, mol/dm^3 (concentration of concentrated acid from part i) V_1 = ? (volume of concentrated acid needed) C_2 = 0.8 \, mol/dm^3 (concentration of diluted acid) V_2 = 2 \, dm^3 (volume of diluted acid) V_1 = (C_2V_2)/(C_1) V_1 = 0.8 \, mol/dm^3 × 2 \, dm^39.8571 \, mol/dm^3 V_1 = (1.6)/(9.8571) \, dm^3 V_1 = 0.1623 \, dm^3 Rounding to three significant figures: V_1 = 0.162 dm^3 Send me the next one 📸