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A beam of light of lambda=600nm from a distance source falls on a single slit 1mm wide and the resulting diffraction pattern is observed on a screen 2m away. The distance between first dark fringes on either side of the central bright fringes is:

Physics

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Answer

(b) 2.4 mm\text{(b) } 2.4 \text{ mm}

Step-by-step solution

6 steps
  1. Identify the given values.

    Wavelength of light, λ=600 nm=600×10−9 m\lambda = 600 \text{ nm} = 600 \times 10^{-9} \text{ m}
    Slit width, a=1 mm=1×10−3 ma = 1 \text{ mm} = 1 \times 10^{-3} \text{ m}
    Distance to the screen, D=2 mD = 2 \text{ m}

  2. Recall the formula for the position of dark fringes (minima) in a single-slit diffraction pattern.

    The position of the mm-th dark fringe from the center of the screen is given by:

    ym=mλDay_m = \frac{m \lambda D}{a}

    where m=±1,±2,…m = \pm 1, \pm 2, \dots for dark fringes.

  3. Calculate the positions of the first dark fringes on either side of the central bright fringe.

    For the first dark fringe above the central maximum, m=1m=1:

    y1=1⋅λDay_1 = \frac{1 \cdot \lambda D}{a}

    For the first dark fringe below the central maximum, m=−1m=-1:

    y−1=−1⋅λDay_{-1} = \frac{-1 \cdot \lambda D}{a}
  4. Calculate the distance between these two first dark fringes.

    The distance between the first dark fringes on either side of the central bright fringe is Y=y1−y−1Y = y_1 - y_{-1}.

    Y=λDa−(−λDa)=2λDaY = \frac{\lambda D}{a} - \left( \frac{-\lambda D}{a} \right) = \frac{2 \lambda D}{a}
  5. Substitute the given values into the formula and calculate.

    Y=2×(600×10−9 m)×(2 m)1×10−3 mY = \frac{2 \times (600 \times 10^{-9} \text{ m}) \times (2 \text{ m})}{1 \times 10^{-3} \text{ m}} Y=2400×10−91×10−3 mY = \frac{2400 \times 10^{-9}}{1 \times 10^{-3}} \text{ m} Y=2400×10−6 mY = 2400 \times 10^{-6} \text{ m} Y=2.4×10−3 mY = 2.4 \times 10^{-3} \text{ m}
  6. Convert the result to millimeters.

    Since 1 m=1000 mm1 \text{ m} = 1000 \text{ mm}:

    Y=2.4×10−3×1000 mmY = 2.4 \times 10^{-3} \times 1000 \text{ mm} Y=2.4 mmY = 2.4 \text{ mm}

    This matches option (b).

    The final answer is (b) 2.4 mm\text{(b) } 2.4 \text{ mm}

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