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An object of weight 800 N is pulled up a plane inclined at 15° using an effort of 750 N as shown in figure Q1a. Determine the coefficient of friction between the object and the plane.

Physics

ScanSolve AI Answer

Answer

0.326

Step-by-step solution

4 steps

To determine the coefficient of friction, we need to analyze the forces acting on the object parallel and perpendicular to the inclined plane.

Given:

  • Weight of the object, W=800 NW = 800 \, \text{N}
  • Angle of inclination, θ=45∘\theta = 45^\circ
  • Applied effort (pulling force), P=750 NP = 750 \, \text{N}
  1. Resolve forces perpendicular to the inclined plane.

    The normal force (NN) acts perpendicular to the plane, balancing the perpendicular component of the weight (Wcos⁡θW \cos \theta).

    N=Wcos⁡θN = W \cos \theta N=800 N×cos⁡45∘N = 800 \, \text{N} \times \cos 45^\circ N=800 N×22N = 800 \, \text{N} \times \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2} N=4002 N≈565.69 NN = 400 \sqrt{2} \, \text{N} \approx 565.69 \, \text{N}
  2. Resolve forces parallel to the inclined plane.

    Since the object is being pulled up the plane, the applied force (PP) acts upwards, while the component of weight parallel to the plane (Wsin⁡θW \sin \theta) and the frictional force (FfF_f) act downwards. Assuming constant velocity or impending motion, the net force is zero.

    P=Wsin⁡θ+FfP = W \sin \theta + F_f

    We know that the frictional force is given by Ff=μNF_f = \mu N, where μ\mu is the coefficient of friction.

    P=Wsin⁡θ+μNP = W \sin \theta + \mu N
  3. Substitute the expression for NN into the parallel forces equation.

    P=Wsin⁡θ+μ(Wcos⁡θ)P = W \sin \theta + \mu (W \cos \theta)
  4. Solve for the coefficient of friction, μ\mu.

    μ(Wcos⁡θ)=P−Wsin⁡θ\mu (W \cos \theta) = P - W \sin \theta μ=P−Wsin⁡θWcos⁡θ\mu = \frac{P - W \sin \theta}{W \cos \theta}

    Now, substitute the given values:

    μ=750 N−(800 N×sin⁡45∘)800 N×cos⁡45∘\mu = \frac{750 \, \text{N} - (800 \, \text{N} \times \sin 45^\circ)}{800 \, \text{N} \times \cos 45^\circ} μ=750−(800×22)800×22\mu = \frac{750 - (800 \times \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2})}{800 \times \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}} μ=750−40024002\mu = \frac{750 - 400 \sqrt{2}}{400 \sqrt{2}} μ=7504002−1\mu = \frac{750}{400 \sqrt{2}} - 1 μ=1582−1\mu = \frac{15}{8 \sqrt{2}} - 1 μ=15216−1\mu = \frac{15 \sqrt{2}}{16} - 1 μ≈1.3258−1\mu \approx 1.3258 - 1 μ≈0.3258\mu \approx 0.3258

    Rounding to three significant figures:

    μ≈0.326\mu \approx 0.326

    The coefficient of friction between the object and the plane is 0.326\boxed{0.326}.

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