Describe four methods used to reduce losses in a transformer. Calculate the transformation ratio given the transformer rating and primary and secondary voltages.

Four methods used to reduce losses in a transformer are:

• Laminating the core to reduce eddy current losses.
• Using high-grade silicon steel for the core to reduce hysteresis losses.
• Using conductors with a large cross-sectional area for windings to reduce copper ($I^2R$) losses.
• Optimizing the design of the core and windings to minimize leakage flux.

Given:
Transformer rating $S = 30 \text{ kVA}$
Primary voltage $V_1 = 2200 \text{ V}$
Secondary voltage $V_2 = 250 \text{ V