Two charges P and Q with magnitudes −3 nC and −3 nC exert an electrostatic force (Fe) on each other. There is…

Question

Two charges P and Q with magnitudes −3 nC and −3 nC exert an electrostatic force (Fe) on each other. There is gravitational force (Fg) that exist between the centres of the two charges. The distance between the centres of the two charges is 1 × 10-9 m.

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Here are the solutions to the questions:

7.1 The gravitational force, $F_g$ , between any two objects with mass is always a force of ATTRACTION. This is justified by Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation.

7.2 Coulomb's Law states that the electrostatic force between two point charges is directly proportional to the product of the magnitudes of the charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between their centers.

7.3 Both charges P and Q are negative. Like charges repel each other. Therefore, charge Q will exert a repulsive force on charge P, pushing it away. Since Q is to the right of P, the force experienced by charge P due to charge Q will be to the LEFT.

7.4 The resultant electric field pattern due to charges P and Q (both negative) would show field lines pointing inwards towards each charge, with the lines bending away from each other in the region between the charges, indicating repulsion.

graph TD
    subgraph Electric Field Pattern
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        style B fill:#fff,stroke:#fff,stroke-width:0px
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        Q(Q)

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        P -- " " --> P6
        P -- " " --> P7
        P -- " " --> P8

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        Q -- " " --> Q2
        Q -- " " --> Q3
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Two charges P and Q with magnitudes -3 nC and -3 nC exert an electrostatic force (Fe) on each other. There is gravitational force (Fg) that exist between the centres of the two charges. The distance between the centres of the two charges is 1 x 10-9 m.

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